Evolutionary BiologySinauer Associates, 1986 - 600 pagine Covers the genetic, developmental, and ecological mechanisms of evolutionary change, the major features of evolutionary history as revealed by phylogenetic and paleontological studies, and material on adaptation, molecular evolution, co-evolution, and human evolution. |
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Pagina 200
... trait and fitness , the closer to zero VA will be for that trait ( ignoring the input of variation by mutation and gene flow ) . At equilibrium , the trait may display genetic variance , but it is nonadditive in nature . For example ...
... trait and fitness , the closer to zero VA will be for that trait ( ignoring the input of variation by mutation and gene flow ) . At equilibrium , the trait may display genetic variance , but it is nonadditive in nature . For example ...
Pagina 206
... trait such as bristle number does not in itself affect fitness , but that the trait in question is the pleiotropic by - product of genes that do affect fitness . For example , survival of Drosophila melanogaster in the larval stage is ...
... trait such as bristle number does not in itself affect fitness , but that the trait in question is the pleiotropic by - product of genes that do affect fitness . For example , survival of Drosophila melanogaster in the larval stage is ...
Pagina 253
... trait , because ecologically similar species may be closely related and therefore share a trait solely because of common ancestry . They will not provide independent evidence that the trait is an adap- tation to that ecological ...
... trait , because ecologically similar species may be closely related and therefore share a trait solely because of common ancestry . They will not provide independent evidence that the trait is an adap- tation to that ecological ...
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adaptive adaptive radiation allele frequency allozyme Amer amino acid ancestor animals average behavior biological birds bristle number caused cells Chapter characters chromosome cladistic coefficient coevolution competition copies correlated deleterious developmental differentiation distribution divergence Dobzhansky Drosophila melanogaster ecological effect environment environmental enzyme equilibrium evidence evolutionary change evolved example extinction rate factors favor females Figure fitness fossil record function Futuyma gametes gene conversion gene flow gene frequencies genetic drift genetic variation genome genotypes geographic groups habitats heritability heterozygotes heterozygous higher taxa homozygotes homozygous host human hybrid inbreeding increase individual insects interactions Lewontin linkage disequilibrium loci locus males mammals mating mechanisms molecular morphological mutation natural selection nucleotide occur offspring organisms pairs parasites pattern phenotype phylogenetic phylogeny plants polymorphism predators prey proteins pseudogenes random recombination relative reproductive isolation sequence sexual similar speciation structure survival sympatric taxon theory tion trait transposable elements variable variance