Evolutionary BiologySinauer Associates, 1986 - 600 pagine Covers the genetic, developmental, and ecological mechanisms of evolutionary change, the major features of evolutionary history as revealed by phylogenetic and paleontological studies, and material on adaptation, molecular evolution, co-evolution, and human evolution. |
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Pagina 132
... reduced virtuaily to zero after 14 generations of strong artificial selection that reduced population size to 4 or 8 pairs ; but there was still variation in selected lines that had been kept at 16 pairs . The effective population size ...
... reduced virtuaily to zero after 14 generations of strong artificial selection that reduced population size to 4 or 8 pairs ; but there was still variation in selected lines that had been kept at 16 pairs . The effective population size ...
Pagina 135
... reduced , the degree of heterozygosity , and hence the genetic variance , is almost as high as in the source population . [ On average it is ( 1 1 / 2N ) Ho , where Ho is the proportion of heterozygotes in the source population and N is ...
... reduced , the degree of heterozygosity , and hence the genetic variance , is almost as high as in the source population . [ On average it is ( 1 1 / 2N ) Ho , where Ho is the proportion of heterozygotes in the source population and N is ...
Pagina 460
... reduces fitness , selection may favor mechanisms of DOSAGE COMPENSATION , whereby the activity of one or more gene copies is reduced ( Allendorf 1979 ) . There is evidence , for example , that in some tetraploid fish such as carp ...
... reduces fitness , selection may favor mechanisms of DOSAGE COMPENSATION , whereby the activity of one or more gene copies is reduced ( Allendorf 1979 ) . There is evidence , for example , that in some tetraploid fish such as carp ...
Sommario
CONCEPTIONS AND MISCONCEPTIONS | 7 |
EVOLUTION SINCE THE SYNTHESIS | 13 |
ADAPTATION AND ENVIRONMENT | 19 |
Copyright | |
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adaptive adaptive radiation allele frequency amino acid ancestor average behavior biological birds bristle cells Chapter characters chromosome coefficient coevolution common competition copies correlated deleterious developmental differentiation distribution divergence Drosophila melanogaster ecological effect environment environmental enzyme equilibrium evidence evolution evolutionary change evolved example factors favor females Figure fitness fossil record function Futuyma gametes gene conversion gene family gene flow gene frequencies genetic drift genetic variation genome genotypes geographic groups heritability heterozygotes heterozygous higher taxa homologous homozygotes homozygous host human hybrid inbreeding increase individual insects interactions Lewontin linkage disequilibrium loci locus males mammals mating mean mechanisms molecular morphological mutation natural selection neoteny nucleotide occur offspring organisms pairs parasites pattern phenotypic phylogenetic phylogeny plants polymorphism population predators prey proteins pseudogenes random recombination related species relative reproductive isolation segments sexual similar speciation structure survival sympatric theory tion traits transposable elements variable variance vertebrates