Kalendas Novembris, on the | a plan, etc -3. To set forth,

antě-căpio, cepi, captum, căpere, 3. v. a. [ante, "before" it [§ 144, 2]. in time; căpio, "to take"] 1. To take beforehand; to pre-ap-io or ap-o, "to lay hold occupy; [§ 140, 2].-2. To anticipate.

("A seat or raised place"; | B.C. 46), by which it was hence) An elevation for sacred purposes; i. e. an altar [prob. akin to Sans. root âs, "to sit"].

ar-bi-ter, tri, m. ("One who goes to" something in order to hear or see; hence) A looker-on, eye-witness, witness [ar (old form of ad), "to"; root BI, akin to B-u, "to go": be-to, bi-to, "to go"].

ar-ces-so, sīvi, situm, sĕre, 3. v. a. [for ar-ced-so; fr. ar (= ad), "to"; ced-o, "to go"] (In causative force: "to cause to go, or come, to one; hence) To call, summon, send for, etc.;-at lx. 4 arcessere Hist. Inf. [§ 140, 2].

دو

decreed that debts should be cancelled by the payment of an as for a sestertius, i. e. of one-fourth part. See sestertius [akin to Sans. raj-atam, silver," as "the shining thing"; fr. root RAJ, "to shine"; cf. apy-upos].

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ar-ma, mōrum, n. plur. ("Things adapted" to any purpose; hence, "implements"; hence) Arms, weapons [prob. ǎp-w, "to adapt "]. armātus, a, um, P. perf. pass. of armo.

arm-o, āvi, ātum, āre, 1. v.a. [arm-a, "arms"] To furnish with arms or weapons; to arm. is-Pass.: arm-or, atus sum, āri.

ardens, ntis: 1. P. pres. of ardeo.-2. Pa.: Fiery, hot, eager, impetuous.

ǎr-o, avi, atum, āre, 1. v. a. To plough [àp-ów].

Arrêt-īnus, ina, īnum [for Arrēti-inus; fr. Arrētĭ-um;

arděo, arsi, arsum, ardere," Arretium" (now "Arezzo"), 2. v. n.: 1. To be on fire, burn, blaze.-2. To be inflamed, excited, etc., by any passion, etc.

a large town of Etruria] Of, or belonging to, Arretium ; Arretine.

ar-s, tis, f. 1. Art, skill, ardŭus, a, um, adj.: 1. etc.-2. Manner, or mode, of Steep.-2. High, lofty.-3. acting; practice [either akin Difficult arduous [akin to to ap-w, "to join," and so, "a Sans. úrdva, Gr. optós, joining"; or fr. år-o, "to "erect"]. plough," and so "a plougharg-entum, enti, n. ("Sil-ing," as the earliest and most ver"; hence) Silver-money; important act of skill]. -at xxxiii. 3 the expression argentum ære solutum est refers to the Valerian Law (carried by Q. Valerius Flaccus,

art-e, adv. [art-us, "close"] 1. Closely.-2. In Comp. to mark a very high degree: Very closely; lix. 2.

Comp.: art-ius; (Sup.: art-close of the third Peloponnesian

issime).

artis artes acc. plur. of ars. artius, comp. adv.; see arte.

Asia, x, f. Asia, i. e. 1. Asia, as such.-2. Asia Minor.

asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj.: 1. Rough, rugged. -2. Cruel, bitter.-3. Of circumstances, etc.: Perilous, dangerous, adverse, calamitous, critical. Comp.: aspĕr-ior; (Sup.: asper-rĭmus).

War, when they were compelled to demolish the fortifications of their city, throw down the Long Walls which connected it with the Piræus, and to submit to the Thirty Tyrants.

at-que (contr. ac), conj. [for ad-que; fr. ăd, denoting "addition"; quě, "and"] 1. And also; and.-2. With comparative adjectives, or words expressing dissimilarity, difference, contrariety, etc.: Than, to:-contra ac, otherwise than, contrary to what, Ix. 5.-3. After words denoting similarity, etc.: As, with.

asperior, us; see asper. a-spernor, spernātus sum, spernāri, 1. v. dep. [à (= ăb), "away from"; spernor, "to spurn"]("To spurn away from" one's self; hence) To4. After simul: As. disdain, scorn, despise.

atrōc-itas, ĭtātis, f. [atrox, astut-ia, iæ, f. [astut-us, atrōc-is, "fierce "]("The "sagacious," also, "cunning"] quality of the atrox"; hence) ("The quality of the astutus"; Fierceness, atrocity, atrocioushence) 1. Sagacity, skill, dex-ness. terity, adroitness.-2. Cunning, subtlety, craftiness.

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ǎt, conj. But, yet [akin to Sans. atha, Gr. år-áp, "but "]. (Athen-iensis, ĭense, adj. [Athen-æ, "Athens "; the chief city of Attica in Northern Greece] "Of, or belonging to, Athens; Athenian."-As Subst.) Athenienses, ĭum, m. plur. The Athenians ;-at li. 28 the words devictis Atheniensibus refer to the overthrow of the Athenians

,,

atr-ox, ōcis, adj. [prob. ater, atr-i, “ black ”] (“ Pertaining to ater"; hence," hideous hence) Atrocious, horrible, terrible.

attent-e, adv. [attent-us, "attentive"] ("After the manner of the attentus"; hence) Attentively, carefully, diligently. Comp.: attentius; (Sup.: attent-issime). attentius, comp. adv.; see attente.

auc-tor, tōris, m. [for aug.

by the Lacedæmonians at the tor; fr. aug-éo, "to produce"]

("He who produces"; hence,
"a father"; hence) 1. An
originator, executor, per-
former, doer, etc.-2. A re-
porter, informant, narrator.
auctor-itas, itatis, f. [auc-
tor, "a producer"] ("The
quality, etc., of the auctor";
hence, "a producing'
." of a
thing; hence) 1. Weight of
character, influence, authority.
-2. Political t. t.: The will or
authority of the Senate.-
3. Of things: Importance,
weight, etc.

auctus, a, um, P. perf. pass. of augeo;-at vi. 3 aucta is used by the figure Zeugmå with moribus, though it belongs only in reality to civibus and agris. Render: Increased in (number of) citizens, refined (where it represents exculta) in manners, enlarged in territory.

audeo, ausus sum, audēre, 2. v. semi-dep. To dare, or venture, to do something.

aud-lo, īvi or ĭi, ītum, īre, 4. v. a. ("To give ear to"; hence) 1. To hear :-folld. by Acc. of part. pres. in concord with a subst. to denote that one's self, etc., hears the person, etc., who is the Object of the verb, doing, etc., the thing pointed out by such part.; xlviii. 9.-2. To listen or hearken to; to examine into, make enquiry about.-Pass.: aud-ior, ītus sum, īri [akin to aûs (= Ovs), avt-ós, “ear ”]. augendus, a, um, Gerundive of augeo.

Aulus, i, m. Aulus; a Roman prænomen.

augĕo, auxi, auctum, augere, audac-ĭa, iæ, f. [audax, 2. v. a. To increase, augment. audac-is, "daring, bold"]-Pass.: augĕor, auctus sum, ("The quality of the audax"; augēri [akin to av§ávw]. hence) 1. In a good sense: Boldness, courage, bravery. 2. In a bad sense: Audacity, presumption, shamelessness, etc.;-at xviii. 4 summæ audaciæ is Gen. of quality [§ 128]. audācĭus, comp. adv.; see audacter.

Aurēlĭa, æ, f. Aurelia; a Roman female name.

aur-is, is, f. [for aud-is; fr. aud-io, "to hear"] ("The hearing thing"; hence) The

ear.

aut-em, conj.: 1. But, on the other hand, yet, however, nevertheless. Besides, further, moreover [akin to αὐτ-άρ].

ă-verto, verti, versum, vertĕre, 3. v. a. [ā (=ab), "away"; verto, "to turn " To turn away.

ǎv-idus, ĭda, ĭdum, adj. [ăv-čo, "to desire earnestly "] With Gen. [§ 132]: Earnestly desiring or desirous of; eager for.

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barbărus, i, m. [barbarus (adj.), barbarian "] A barbarian.

Autronius, ii, m. Autronius (Publius), with the cognomen of Pætus; a Roman who was an active accomplice of Catiline. After the suppression of the conspiracy he was brought to trial, and entreated Cicero with many tears to undertake his defence, pleading their early friendship, and their having been colleagues in the quæstorship. His re- b-ellum, elli, n. [old form quest was refused; while fur-du-ellum; fr. dŭ-o, "two"] ther all his friends withdrew ("A contest, etc., between two from him. Upon being found parties"; hence) 1. War, warguilty he went into banish- fare.-2. A combat, fight, ment in Epirus. engagement, battle.

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auxil-ĭum, ii, n. [probably obsolete auxil-is (= aug-silis), 'increasing," fr. aug-eo, "to increase" ("The quality, or state, of the auxilis"; herce) Help, aid, assistance ;-at vi. 5 and lii. 29, in plur.: at vi. 5 the expression auxilia portare, to carry help, is unusual; the ordinary term is auxilium ferre.

ǎvār-itia, itiæ, f. [ăvar- us, "covetous"]("The quality "" avarus"; hence)

of the Covetousness, avarice.

āvertĕrim, perf. subj. of averto;-at lviii. 16 this tense is used as a modified perf. ind.

bellic-ōsus, ōsa, ōsum, adj. [bellic-us, "warlike"] Very warlike, martial.

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bēl-ŭa, ŭæ, f. A beast, wild beast [prob. akin to eńp, a wild animal "].

běn-ě, adv. [obsol. bĕn-us= bon-us, "good"] (" After the manner of the benus"; hence) In a good way or manner, well: -bene polliceri, to promise well, i. e. to make large promises, xli. 5: bene consulendo, by consulting well, i. e. by adopting good counsels or plans, lii. 29.

běně-făcio (or, as two words, bene facio), feci, factum, făcĕre, 3. v. n. [běně, "well"; facio, "to do"] ("To do well to" a person;