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hence) With Dat. [§ 106, word.-As Subst.: bonus, i,

(3)]: To do well or good to; to benefit.

běně-fac-tum, ti, n. [id.] ("A thing well done or performed " ; hence) A good or honourable action, an heroic deed.

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m. A good and honourable man.-2. Upright, honest, virtuous, etc.-As Subst.: a. bonum, i, n. Goodness, uprightness, probity, etc.-b. boni, orum, m. plur. The good, the virtuous.-3. Brave, gallant, active.-As Subst.: bonus, i, m. A brave, etc., man.-4. Good or serviceable for something.-As Subst.:

běně-fic-ĭum, fi, n. [for bene-fac-ium; fr. bene, "well"; fac-io, "to do"] ("A doing good or well"; hence) Kindness, favour, service, benefit. bonum, i, n: a. Advantage, Bestia, æ, m. [bestia, a profit, etc.-b. The public beast"] Bestia (Lucius Cal-good, advantage or weal.-5. purnius); a Roman senator Wealthy, rich.-As Subst.: who joined in the conspiracy bona, ōnum, n. plur. Wealth, of Catiline; xvii. Bestia is riches, goods, property, forcalled by Sallust (xliii. 1) tune.-6. Of leisure: Valu"Tribune of the people"; but able, important, etc. it seems he was at that time (Comp.: melior); Sup.: optmerely Tribune elect, and held umus or optimus. office in the following year. 2. bonus, i; see 1. bonus. It was agreed amongst the brěv-is, e, adj. Short.-Adconspirators that he should verbial Abl.: brevi, In a short make a complaint in the Sen-time, shortly [akin to ẞpaxate against Cicero; and that ús]. a rising should take place on the following night. Cicero's vigilance effectually defeated this plan.

Brutti-us, a, um, adj. [Brutti-i, "The Bruttii"; the inhabitants of the most Southern part of Italy] Of, or bebi-ni, na, na, num. distrib. longing to, the Bruttii :-ager adj. plur. [bi bis, "twice"] Bruttius, the country or terri("Pertaining to bi"; hence)tory of the Bruttii. 1. Two apiece or for each.2. Two.

bona, orum; boni, orum; bonum, i; see bonus.

1. bonus, a, um, adj.: 1. Good, in the fullest meaning of the

Brutus, i, m. [brūtus, "stupid, dull"] Brutus (Decimus Junius); a Roman Patrician descended from L. Junius Brutus, who feigned stupidity to escape death at the hands of

Tarquinius Superbus. During his absence from Rome his wife Sempronia received the ambassadors of the Allobroges at her house as mentioned in chapter xl.

C, abbrev. of Caius. căd-āver, āvĕris, n. [căd-o, "to fall dead"] ("That which falls dead"; hence) A dead body, corpse, carcase.

cădo, cěcĭdi, casum, cădere, 3. v. n. 1. To fall, fall down.-2. To fall dead, die. -3. To fall out, happen, come to pass, esp. in an unexpected manner [akin to Sans. root ÇAD, "to fall "].

cæd-es, is, f. [cæd-o, "to slay"] A killing or slaying; slaughter.

cælatus, a, um, P. perf. pass. of cælo.

cæl-o, avi, atum, āre, 1. v. a. [cæl-um, "a chisel or burin" of an engraver] ("To employ the cælum on something"; hence) To engrave in relief, to emboss, etc.-Pass.: cæl-or, ātus sum, āri.

Cæpārĭus, ii, m. [cæparius, "a dealer in onions"] Caparius (Quintus), a native of Terracina, and one of Catiline's accomplices. He was strangled in the Tullianum; lv. 6.

Cæsar, ǎris, m. (" Hairy One") Cæsar; a cognomen in the Julian family at Rome:

1. Lucius Julius Cæsar: consul B.C. 63 in conjunction with C. Marcius Figulus. He voted for the death of the Catilinarian conspirators, amongst whom was Lentulus, the husband of his own sister; xvii.-2. Caius Julius Cæsar, the conqueror of Britain, and subsequently the first Roman Emperor. At the time of the conspiracy he was Prætor elect; and it was into his charge that Statilius given; xlvii. 4 [akin to Sans. keça, "hair"].

was

Caius, i, m. Caius; a Roman prænomen; abbreviated C. călămĭtas, atis, f. Misfortune, injury, mishap, disaster, calamity.

călămit-ōsus, ōsa, ōsum, adj. [for călămĭtāt-ōsus; fr. călămĭtas,călămĭtāt-is, "calamity"] ("Full of calamitas"; hence) Very calamitous, destructive, ruinous, or disastrous;-at xlviii. 2 folld. by Dat. [§ 106, (3)].

călumnia, iæ, f. Trickery, intrigue, artifice, etc.

căměra, æ, f. A vault, arched roof, arch [кaμáрa].

Cămers, tis, adj. Of, or be longing to, Camerinum (now Camerino), a town of Umbria in Italy. As Subst. : Cămers, tis, m. A man of Camerinum.

campus, i, m.: 1. An even place, a plain, a field.-2.

The Campus Martius; a large | city, etc.: To take by force of

grassy plain in Rome on the banks of the Tiber, originally the property of the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was dedicated to Mars ;-whence its name. It was used by the Romans for games, exercises, purposes of recreation, and military drill; and was also the place where the Comitia Curiata were held; xxvi. 5. [prob. akin to Gг. кîños, “a garden"].

căn-is, is, comm. gen. 4 dog [akin to Sans. çvan; Gr. KÚwv, Kúv-os, "a dog"; Germ. hun-d; Eng. "houn-d "].

căno, căcini, cantum, cănĕre, 3. v. n. ("To utter or produce melodious notes; to sound, sing, play"; hence) Of signals: With instrument or signal as Subject: To be sounded or given; lix. 1 [akin to Sans. root CAMS, "to praise, to relate"].

căp-esso (-isso), essīvi or essii, essītum, essere, 3. v. a. desid. [căp-io, "to take"] ("To take, catch at, or seize eagerly"; hence) Of the state, public affairs, etc.: To undertake, engage in, occupy one's self with, in a zealous or earnest manner.

căpio, cepi, captum, căpère, 3. v. a. 1. To take, lay hold of, etc.:-capere arma, to take up arms, xxvii. 4.-2. a. Of a

arms, to capture.-b. Of persons: To take prisoner in battle, etc.-3. Of a design, plan, etc.: To take up, form, frame, entertain.-4. To ensnare, catch, etc., by wiles, artifices, etc.-5. Of love: To captivate, enchain, etc., a person.-6. Of an office, the state, etc.: To take upon one's self, undertake, enter upon the management of, etc. -Pass.: căpior, captus sum, |căpi.

căpit-ālis, āle, adj. [căput, căpit-is, "the head"; hence, "the life"] ("Relating to caput"; hence) Law t. t.: Capital, involving the forfeiture of life.

Căpit-o, onis, m. [căput, căpit-is, "a head"]("One with a large head") Capito (Publius Gabinius); a Roman knight, one of Catiline's accomplices; xvii. 3. He was strangled in prison. Cicero, in his orations against Catiline (iii. 3 sqq. iv. 6), calls him P. Gabinius Cimber.

Căpitolium, ii, n. The Capitol: the temple of Jupiter at Rome built on the summit of Mons Saturnius or Tarpeius. Hither the new Consuls were conducted with great pomp by the Senate and people on the first day of January in leach year, when they offered

up their vows and sacrificed, each of them, an ox to Jupiter: after this they entered on their office ; see Kalendæ. The Capitol was burnt on three occasions: viz.: 1. B.C. 83, during the troubles consequent upon the struggle between Sylla and Marius; after which it was rebuilt by Sylla and dedicated by Catŭlus. It is to this destruction of it that Sallust refers at xlvii. 2.—2. a.d. 70, by the soldiers of Vitellius. Vespasian rebuilt it.-3. A.D. 80, in the brief reign of Titus, during a conflagration that raged at Rome for three days and three nights. Domitian re-erected it in a very magnificent way.-N.B. Capitolium is not used in the present work in the meaning of the Capitoline Hill.

căpĭundus (căpiendus), a, um, Gerundive of capio.

cap-to, tāvi, tatum, tāre, 1. v. a. intens. [cap-io, "to seize "]("To strive to seize, to catch at," etc.; hence) To strive after, endeavour or seek to obtain, grasp at.

captus, a, um, P. perf. pass. of capio.

Căpňa, æ, f. Capua (now the village of Santa Maria); the chief city of Campania, noted for its luxury;-at xxx. 2 Capuæ is Gen. of name of

a town, in sing. number of 1st decl. [§ 121, B, b]: at xxx. 9 is Acc. of motion to a place [§ 101].

carcer, ĕris, m. ("An enclosed place"; hence) A prison [Sicilian kάρкăρ-оν, akin to pk-os, and Lat. arc-eo].

căr-ĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, ēre, 2. v. n. ("To shear or be shorn" ; hence) With Abl. [§ 119, b.]: To be without, to do without.

carp-tim, adv. [carp-o, "to pluck"] (" By a plucking " hence) In separate or small portions; separately, piecemeal. Carthaginienses, ĭum; see Carthago.

Carthago, inis, f. ("New Town") Carthage; a city of Northern Africa, long the rival of Rome, and represented as having been built by Dido, after she had fled from Tyre. It was destroyed by Scipio Africanus the Younger at the close of the third Carthagin ian War, B.C. 146.-Hence Carthagin-iensis, ĭense, adj. Of, or belonging to, Carthage; Carthaginian.- As Subst.: Carthaginienses, ĭum, m. plur. The people of Carthage, the Carthaginians.

că-rus, ra, rum, adj.: With Dat. [§ 106, (3)]: Beloved by, dear or precious to, esteemed or regarded by. Comp. car-ior [for cam-rus; akin to Sans. root KAM, "to love"].

Cătilīnārius, a, um; see

Cassius, ii, m. [cass-es, "a this present work. Hence hunting-net"]("One pertain- Cătilin-ārius, āria, ārĭum, ing to casses; One with a adj. Of, or belonging to, hunting-net"] Cassius; a Catiline; Catilinarian, CatRoman name; see Longīnus.iline-. castra, ōrum, n. plur. A camp or encampment, as containing several soldiers' tents or huts [prob. for skad-trum; akin to Sans. root SKAD, "to cover"].

că-sus, sūs, m. [for cad-sus; fr. cad-o, "to fall"; hence, "to fall out, happen "] ("A falling out or happening"; hence) 1. Chance, accident, etc.-2. A misfortune, mishap, calamity, adverse or unfortunate state or condition.

caterva, æ, f.: 1. A band or crowd of persons.-2. A military troop, company, etc. Cătilīna, æ, m. Catiline (Lucius Sergius); a descend. ant of an ancient patrician family which had become impoverished. His character, as drawn by Sallust, presents a loathsome picture of extravagance, vice, and the deepest crimes. He was engaged in two conspiracies against his country. The first, as briefly described in xviii, took place B.C. 65, and proved wholly unsuccessful, apparently through his precipitancy. The second was in the year of Cicero's consulship, B.C. 63; and it is this which Sallust describes in

Catilina.

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Căt-o, ōnis, m. [căt-us, sharp, intelligent"] ("Sharp or Intelligent One") Cato (Marcus Porcius); a greatgrandson of Cato the Censor. He is generally known as Cato Uticensis from his having killed himself at Utica after the battle of Thapsus (B.C. 46), when Scipio Metellus, disregarding his advice, was signally routed, and all Africa, Utica excepted, submitted to Cæsar.

Cătulus, i, m. [cătulus, "a cub, whelp"] Catulus (Quintus); a Roman senator, who read in the Senate a letter which he had received from Catiline after the outbreak of the conspiracy, and which is given in ch. xxxv.

causa, æ, f.: 1. A cause, reason:-ea causă, for that reason, on that account.-2. Adverbial Abl., folld. by Gen. or Gerund in di: For the sake or purpose of.-3. A cause in law, a law-suit.

căvendum, Gerund in dum fr. caveo.

căvěo, cāvi, cautumn, căvēre, 2. v. n.: 1. To be on one's, etc.,

G

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