Uzentini, et Graecorum omnis ferme ora, Tarentini, Metapontini, Crotonienses Locrique, et Cisalpini 10, 13, 19 states that they were the first of the Italians who revolted from Rome to join Hannibal. Bruttium, so called, embraced mod. Calabria Ultra and most of C. Citra. The Lucanians called the natives Bruttii, Gr. Βρέττιοι = δραπέται. Their capital was Cosentia, mod. Cosenza, which held aloof from Hannibal at first (23, 30, 5), as did also the Petelini (23, 20, 4), and Rhegium (23, 30, 9), so that omnes here is not accurate. Rup. with Sigon. reads praeter Petelinos Bruttii o. Lucani (mod. Basilicata and Principato Citeriore), Gr. AevKavía, from Xevкós, probably due to the chalky cliffs of the Apennines. Strab. 5, p. 251 asserts that the Lucanians were degraded by the Romans to the same position as the Bruttii, in consequence of their revolt. But only a part of the people seem to have joined Hannibal; cf. 24, 20, 1; 25, 16, 5. Lucania was celebrated for its wild boars. Cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 234. Uzentini (P1: P2 and the other MSS. Surrentini, so vulg.—Gron. conj. Sallentini), the inhabitants of Uzentum (mod. Ugento), usually written Uxentum (Ptol. Oğevrov, cf. Plin. 3, 11, 16), a Calabrian town in the Sallentine district. The chief objection to vulg. is that Surrentum (mod. Sorrento), being a Campanian town, would naturally follow Calatini, whereas Liv. is now enumerating the towns on the Tarentine gulf, starting from its eastern end. Graecorum, &c., i.e. the seacoast towns of Magna Graecia, particularised in following; cf. L. 31, 7 ora illa Italiae, quam Maiorem Graeciam vocant. Tarentini, cf. 59, 7: 21, 10, 8: for the defection cf. L. 24, 13; 25, 7, 10 sqq. The legend ascribes its foundation to Taras cf. Hor. O. 1, 28, 29. It was famous for its purple dye; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 207. Its literary fame rests on Livius Andronicus, and Archytas; cf. Hor. O. 1, 28, 2. Pompey had a villa here; cf. Forsyth's Cic. 311; see ib. 388. Metapontini, cf. 25, 15, 6. Metapontum (Gr. MerаTÓVTLOV, mod. Torre di Mare) was founded by a colony of Achaeans under Leucippus, about B. C. 700; though others attribute its foundation to Epeius, the constructor of the wooden horse, or to Pylians, followers of Nestor. Here Pythagoras lived and died. = Crotonienses, cf. 24, ch. 1-3. Croton, Croto or Crotona (Gr. Kρorúv, mod. Cotrone) was а town of Bruttium, founded by Achaeans, B. c. 710, named after one Croton (Kρorúv, also a tick, and a berry producing croton oil). Hannibal made it his head-quarters for three winters, L. 29, 36; L. 30, 19. It was early celebrated for the political changes introduced by Pythagoras, about B. c. 540, and also for its struggle with Sybaris, in which its army was led by the famous athlete Milo. The magnificent temple of Lacinian Juno stood about six miles off. Liv. 13 omnes Galli. Nec tamen eae clades defectionesque sociorum moverunt, ut pacis usquam mentio apud Romanos fieret, neque ante consulis Romam adventum nec postquam is rediit renovavitque memoriam 14 acceptae cladis; quo in tempore ipso adeo magno animo civitas fuit, ut consuli ex tanta clade, cuius ipse causa maxima fuisset, redeunti et obviam itum frequenter ab omnibus ordinibus sit et gratiae actae, quod de re 15 publica non desperasset; qui si Carthaginiensium ductor fuisset, nihil recusandum supplicii foret. 24, 3 describes it as more splendid than the city itself; cf. Virg. A. 3, 552. Locriq., cf. 23, 30, 8. Locri (mod. Gerace) was founded by a colony of Locrians from Greece, originally established on Cape Zephyrium, whence called Epizephyrii to distinguish them from the L. Ozolae and Opuntii. It was celebrated for possessing the most ancient written code of laws, given by Zaleucus about B. C. 660. Romam; 35, 49, f. concursationem ab Demetriade Lamiam; 32, 15, f. iter a Gomphis Ambraciam ; also 25, 33, m. reditus domum; 31, 40, f. adventum Oreum (where vulg. inserts in); Virg. A. 6, 542; Madv. 233, 2; Rob. 1110, 1168; cf. Gr. Telvávaι Tŵ þóßw Toùs Onẞalovs, Dem. 19, 81; ë§apvov elva Tηv díaιтav, Isocr. Call. 13. 14. tempore, cf. 35, 7: ex... clade, cf. 21, 57, 1; ib. 39, 2: causa auctor, cf. 21, 21, 1: fuisset, subj. because opinion of people: frequenter, 'in crowds'. Cisalpini North Italy; but the Gauls had revolted long before; cf. 21, 55, 4; 23, 24, 6. ordinibus (abstract for conTo Gallia Cisalpina or Citerior crete, cf. 59, 12), including ordo (ἡ ἐντὸς Κελτική or Γαλατία) be- senatorius, as doubtless the Selonged the Cenomani: see also nate had directed the consuls to 21, 35, 9. Gaul proper (mod. give battle to Hannibal; cf. 41, France) Gallia Transalpina (1. According to Val. Max. 3, VTEρáλTELOS KEλTIKη) the people being called Κελτοί or Γαλάται. 13. moverunt terruerunt; for absolute use cf. 6, 8, in. pacis, for a similar sentiment, cf. Eutrop. 3, 10. usquam, i.e. in the Senate or popular assembly. R. adventum, for construction cf. 21, 11, 13. Liv. often uses acc. of name of town after verbal subst. expressing motion or direction; cf. 39, 35 f. legationem 4, 4 the Dictatorship itself was offered to Varro, but declined; cf. Frontin. S. 4, 5, 6. His return is rhetorically described by Sil. 10, 606-640. q....non desperasset, as proved by his advance to Canusium (54, 6) and his return to Rome to organise resistance, § 13. 15. qui (all MSS.) si (not in MSS.): Valla conj. cui, si (so vulg., cf. 19, 4); but cf. 24, 6 ad quem...si. ductor imperator, 'commander-in-chief', cf. 10, 21, 15; Wölf. observes that Tacitus applies this specially to leaders of foreign troops. nihil, &c., there was no punishment which he would not have had to endure'; an unskilful or unsuccessful general was usually crucified at Carthage; cf. 38, 48, 13. foret, cf. 21, 28, 6; for subj. instead of fuit, where a condition is involved, cf. 60, 7; but, on the other hand, cf. 2, 38, 5. |