(strangers to his nature and disposition) who believed him proud and imperious; from which no mortal man was ever more free.-CLARENDON. CCCXLVII In forming his schemes, he was, by nature as well as by habit, cautious and considerate. Born with talents which unfolded themselves slowly, and were late in attaining maturity, he was accustomed to ponder every subject that demanded his consideration, with a careful and deliberate attention. He bent the whole force of his mind towards it, and dwelling upon it with a serious application, undiverted by pleasure, and hardly relaxed by any amusement, he revolved it, in silence, in his own breast. He then communicated the matter to his ministers, and after hearing their opinions, took his resolution with a decisive firmness which seldom follows such slow and seemingly hesitating consultation. His promptitude in execution was no less remarkable than his patience in deliberation. He did not discover greater sagacity in his choice of the measures which it was proper to pursue than fertility of genius in finding out the means for rendering his pursuit of them successful. Though he had naturally so little of the martial turn, that, during the most ardent and bustling period of life, he remained in the cabinet inactive; yet when he chose at length to appear at the head of his armies, his mind was so formed for vigorous exertions in every direction that he acquired such knowledge in the art of war, and such talents for command, as rendered him equal in reputation and success to the most able generals of the age. ROBERTSON'S Charles V. CCCXLVIII On his first appearance in the field, Hannibal reconciled, in his own person, the most just method of commanding, with the most perfect obedience to his superiors. Thus he was coat. equally beloved by his generals and the troops he was appointed to lead. He was possessed of the greatest courage in opposing danger, and the greatest presence of mind in retiring from it. No fatigue was able to subdue his body, nor any misfortune to break his spirit: equally patient of heat and cold, he only took sustenance to content nature, and not to delight his appetite. His seasons for repose or labour were never regular, but he was ever ready when difficulties or his country demanded his aid. He was frequently found stretched on the ground among his sentinels, covered only with a watch His dress differed in nothing from the most ordinary men of his army, except that he affected peculiar elegance in his horses and armour. He was the best horseman and the swiftest runner of his time. He was ever the foremost to engage, and the last to retreat; he was ever prudent in his designs, which were extensive; and ever fertile in expedients to perplex his enemies, or to rescue himself from hardships. He was experienced, sagacious, provident, and bold. Such were the admirable qualities of this inimitable soldier, who is generally allowed the greatest general of antiquity. On the other hand he was cruel and faithless; without honour, without religion; and yet so deceitful as to assume the appearance of them all; yet it ought to be remembered that they were his enemies who gave him this character. GOLDSMITH'S Roman History. CCCXLIX During his exile, he delivered himself so entirely to his pleasures, that he became incapable of application. He spent little of his time in reading or study, and yet less in thinking. And, in the state his affairs were then in, he accustomed himself to say to every person, and upon all occasions, that which he thought would please most; so that words or promises went very easily from him. And he had so ill an opinion of mankind, that he thought the great art of living and governing was, to manage all things and all persons with a depth of craft and dissimulation. And in that few men in the world could put on the appearances of sincerity better than he could; under which so much artifice was usually hid, that in conclusion he could deceive none, for all were become distrustful of him. He had great vices, but scarce any virtues to correct them. He had in him some vices that were less hurtful, which corrected his more hurtful ones. He was, during the active part of his life, given up to sloth and lewdness to such a degree that he hated business, and could not bear the engaging in anything that gave him much trouble, or put him under any constraint. And though he desired to become absolute, and to overturn both our religion and our laws, yet he would neither run the risk nor give himself the trouble, which so great a design required. BURNET, Character of Charles II. CCCL There remains only to speak of her person, which was most amiably majestic, the nicest eye could find no fault in the outward lineaments of her face, or proportion of her body; it was such as pleased wherever she had the desire it should; yet she never envied that of any other, which might better please in general: in the same manner, as being content that her manner was esteemed where she desired they should, she never depreciated those of any other that were esteemed or preferred elsewhere. For she aimed not at a general love or a general esteem where she was not known; it was enough to be possessed of both wherever she was. Having lived to the age of sixty-two years; not courting regard, but receiving it from all who knew her; not loving business but discharging it fully wheresoever duty or friendship engaged her in it; not following greatness, but not declining to pay respect, as far as was due from independence and disinterest; having honourably absolved all the parts of life, she forsook this world, where she had left no act of duty or virtue undone, for that where alone such acts are rewarded.-POPE. APPENDIX 4 I 11 1 Tum Anci filii duo, 2 etsi antea semper pro indignissimo habuerant se patrio regno tutoris fraude pulsos, regnare Romae advenam non modo vicinae sed ne Italicae quidem stirpis, tum impensius iis 5 indignitas crescere, 6 si ne ab Tarquinio quidem ad se rediret regnum, sed praeceps inde porro ad 7 servitia caderet, ut in eadem civitate post centesimum fere annum quam Romulus deo prognatus, deus ipse, tenuerit regnum, 8 donec in terris fuerit, 9 id Servius, serva natus, possideat. 10 Cum commune Romani nominis tum praecipue id domus suae dedecus fore, si Anci regis 11 virili stirpe salva non modo advenis, sed servis etiam regnum Romae pateret. Ferro igitur 12 eam arcere contumeliam statuunt. Sed et iniuriae dolor in Tarquinium ipsum magis, quam in Servium eos stimulabat; et, quia gravior ultor caedis, si superesset, rex 13 futurus erat quam privatus; tum Servio occiso quemcumque alium generum 14 delegisset, 15 eundem regni heredem facturus videbatur:-ob haec ipsi regi insidiae parantur. Ex pastoribus 16 duo ferocissimi delecti ad facinus, quibus consueti erant uterque agrestibus ferramentis, in vestibulo regiae quam potuere tumultuosissime specie rixae in se omnes apparitores 17 regios convertunt. 18 Înde, cum ambo regem appellarent clamorque eorum penitus in regiam pervenisset, vocati ad regem pergunt. 19 Primo uterque vociferari et certatim 20 alter alteri obstrepere. 21 Coerciti ab lictore et iussi in vicem dicere tandem obloqui desistunt; unus rem 22 posito orditur. Dum intentus in eam se rex 23 totus averteret, alter elatam securim in caput deiecit, relictoque in vulnere telo ambo se foras eiciunt.-LIVY, I. 40. ex com 16 II 4 6 1 At enim te ad accusandum res publica adduxit. 2 Credo, |