church. At the Greek church we found a school of 20 boys taught by a priest. Gave one tract to each boy, and several to the master, which were received, as our tracts usually are with many expressions of gratitude. The master then went with us to visit the other priests. We showed them, in the Romaic Testament, the address to the church in Pergamos, which one of them read. We then gave them a Testament, and a number of tracts. Visited three other schools, and supplied them with tracts. One contained 25 scholars, another 20, and the third a smaller number.. Gave one of the teachers a Testament, in consequence of his earnest solicitations. A young Greek came to our lodgings and bought two Testaments.

The population of Pergamos is said to be about 15,000; viz. 1,500 Greeks, 2 or 300 Armenians, 100 Jews, and the rest Turks. The streets are wider and cleaner than any we have before seen in Asia.

As we were about to leave town, a man to whom we had a letter from Smyrna, brought us three fowls for our journey, and a letter of introduction to Immanuel, a friend of his, 3 hours on our way to Thyatira

Wednesday, Nov. 8, 1820. At half past one we left Pergamos: at three we crossed the Caicus, and pursued our way along the southern bank, through a fertile plain several miles wide, with verdant hills on the north and south, and several small villages at the foot of them. At half past nine we crossed the river again, and stopped for the night at the house of Immanuel. He is a Greek. His house stands on the river's bank, with a mill in one end of it. He soon told us, that our letter of introduction stated that we are ministers of the gospel, much

interested for the Greeks, and carry

about books for distribution among

them; adding, that they had lately built a church in this neighbourhood; and it would be "a great charity if we would leave a few books here." We ascertained that five, out of ten or twelve men about the mill, are able to

read, and gave them tracts; we also gave a number to Immanuel for the priest and others.

Thursday, 9. Pursued our course along the same plain. In four hours passed through a considerable village called Soma. The inhabitants are

principally Turks-about seventy families are Greeks. In two hours and a half from Soma we reached Kircagasch, and stopped for dinner. This town is situated at the foot of a high mountain of lime stone, called on the maps Temnus, on the south side of the plain. It is said to contaiu 10,000 inhabitants, viz. 8,000 Turks, 1,000 Greeks, and 1,000 Armenians. There are eleven mosques, and one Greek, and one Armenian church. Left a number of tracts for the Greeks. At 3 o'clock we set out from Kircagasch, and pursued our way, at the foot of mount Temnus. Passed two small Turkish villages. The principal productions in this part of the country are grain, cotton, tobacco, and pasturage for flocks. At one time we counted 500 cattle together attended by the herdsmen and their dogs; in another flock were about as many goats, and in others a still greater number of sheep.

Arrival at Thyatira.

At 8 o'clock we reached Thyatira, now Akhisar, and put up at a khan. Immediately after we arrived, a heavy rain commenced. At Pergamos we were told, that within a few weeks eight men have been killed by robbers, at

different times, on the road between that place and this. We saw a man at Pergamos, who was attacked about two years ago, on this road, and left for dead. He still carries a scar in his

cheek, in consequence of the wound

All these

which he then received. barbarities, however, were perpetrated in the night. We were uniformly told, that in the day time no danger is to be apprehended. Still our attendants showed strong signs of fear; and it was not without difficulty that we persuadprospect of being out a few hours after ed them to leave Kircagasch with the dark. From all dangers, seen and unMay our spared lives be wholly his. seen, God has mercifully preserved us.

We read the address to the church in Thyatira, prayed to that God whom saints of old worshipped in this place, and then retired to rest, commending this city, once beloved, to the compassion of our Redeemer.

Description of the City.

Friday, 10. We had a letter of introduction from a Greek in Smyrna to

Economo, the Bishop's procurator, and a principal man among the Greeks in this town. This morning we sent the letter, and he immediately called on us. We then conversed some time respecting the town. He says the Turks have destroyed all remnants of the ancient church; and even the place where it stood is now unknown. At present, there are in the town 1,000 houses for which taxes are paid to the government, besides 2 or 300 small buts. There are about 350 Greek houses, and 25 or 30 belonging to Armenians, The others are all Turkish. There are nine mosques, one Greek, and one Armenian church; four or five Greek priests, and one Armenian. The Greeks know something of the Romaic, and the Armenians of the Armenian language; but the common language of all classes is Turkish. The Greeks write it in Greek letters ; the Armenians in Armenian letters. A young Armenian, who is learning to read it with the Turkish letters, called on us, and read a little in a Turkish Testament, the translation of De Sacy, and we gave him one of them.

Showed our Romaic Testaments to Economo. He says they have the one, which Mr. Lindsay gave them five years ago, and are much pleased with it. He then went with us to visit the schools. The first is taught by a priest, and consists of 50 scholars.The second is taught by a layman, and consists of 20. Supplied them with tracts. Copied a long Greek inscription on a stone erected by Fabius Zosimus, at the tomb of his wife. When we returned to our room, a lad came to us for tracts. He and five or six other boys are taught by a priest, and do not attend the public schools. After hearing him read a little, and asking him a number of questions, we gave him tracts for himself and his companions. A man, who has a school of six children, saw one of the tracts which we had given away, and sent to us for some. We visited his school and supplied his pupils. Gave a Testament to the priests.

Thyatira is situated near a small river, a branch of the Caicus, in the centre of an extensive plain. At the distance of 3 or 4 miles it is almost completely surrounded by mountains.The houses are low, many of them mud or earth. Excepting the Moslem's palace, there is scarcely a decent

house in the place. The streets are narrow and dirty, and every thing indicates poverty and degradation.

There has been some doubt whether Ak-hisar is really the ancient Thyatira. There is a town called Tyra, or Thyra, between Ephesus and Laodicea, which some bave supposed to be Thyatira. But we have with us the Rev. Mr. Lindsay's letter, in which he gives an account of his visit to the seren churches. Ak-hisar is the place which he called Thyatira, without even suggesting any doubt about it. When we inquired in Smyrna for a letter of introduction to Thyatira, they gave us one to this place. The Bishop, priest and professors, at Haivali, and the priests in Pergamos, and in this town, have all spoken of Ak-hisar and Thyatira, as being the same. In the inscription, which we copied, the place is called Thyatira. St. John addressed the seven churches in the order in which they are situated, beginning with Ephesus and closing with Laodicea. If Ak-hisar is Thyatira, this order is complete; if not, it is broken.

Saturday, 11. Went to the Armenian church, at the time of morning prayers. About thirty were present.

Journey to Sart.

Passed

At 7 we set out for Sardis. in sight of 3 or 4 small villages, and at half after eleven stopped to dine at a village called Marinora. It has four mosques and one Greek church with two priests. The whole number of houses is said to be 4 or 500, of which 50 are Greek. Gave some tracts to one of the priests and to several others. At 1 we resumed our journey. At 2 came in sight of a lane, and made a bend around the west side of it. At 4 we ascended a hill, and saw before us an extensive plain, through which the Hermus runs, and beyond it mount Tinolus extending to the east and west as far as the eye could reach. At the foot of this mountain stood Sardis, the great capital of the Lydian kings, and the city of the far famed Croesus.We crossed the plain obliquely bearing to the east and reached Sardis, now called Sart, at half past six, in 10 hours travel from Thyatira; course a little east of south.

Found difficulty in procuring a lodging; at length put up in a hut occupied by a Turk. It was about 10 feet

square, the walls of earth, the roof of bushes and poles covered with soil and grass growing on it. There was neither chair, table, bed nor floor in the habitation. The Turk seemed to live principally by his pipe and his coffee.

A Sabbath in Sardis.

Lord's Day, Nov. 12. After our morning devotions, we took some tracts and a Testament and went to a mill near us, where 3 or 4 Greeks live. Found one of them grinding grain. Another soon came in. Both were able to read. We read to them the address to the church in Sardis, and then the account of the day of Judgment, Mat. XXV. Conversed with them about what we read, and then spoke of the Lord's day, and endeavoured to explain its design, and gave them some tracts. We had our usual forenoon service in the upper part of the mill; and could not refrain from weeping, while we sung the 74th Psalm, and prayed among the ruins of Sardis. Here were once a few names, which had not defiled their garments; and they are now walking with their Redeemer in white. But, alas! the church as a body had only a name to live, while they were in reality dead; and they did not hear the voice of merciful admonition, and did not strengthen the things which were ready to die. Wherefore the candlestick has been removed out of its place. In the afternoon we walked out and enjoyed a season of social worship in the field. This has been a solemn, and we trust a profitable Sabbath to us. Our own situation, and the scenery around us, have conspired to give a pensive, melancholy turn to our thoughts. Our eye has affected our hearts, while we saw around us the ruins of this once

splendid city, with nothing now to be seen, but a few mud huts, inhabited by ignorant, stupid, filthy, Turks; and the only men, who bear the christian name, at work all day in their mill. Every thing seems, as if God had cursed the place, and left it to the dominion of Satan.

Brother Parsons is unwell. If one of us should be attacked in this place with a lingering and dangerous disease, it would be only such a trial as we often thought of, and mentioned when anticipating the mission. Yet such a trial would put our faith and our sub

Vol. 3.-No. VIII. 56

mission to a severe test. The Providence and grace of God alone can give us comfort and support.

Ruins of the Place.

Monday, 18. Went out to view more particularly the ruins of the place.→ Saw the decayed walls of two church es, and of the market, and the ruins of an ancient palace. Two marble columns are standing, about 30 feet high, and 6 in diameter, of the Ionic order. The fragments of similar pillars lay scattered on the ground. Chandler, who was here about sixty years ago, says five pillars were then standing. All our guide could tell of the place was, that it was the palace of the king's daughter. Ascended a high hill to see the ruins of the old castle. Some of the remaining walls are very strong. Copied two inscriptions.

There is now in Sardis no christian family. There are three grist mills here, in which 9 or 10 Greek men and boys are employed. To one of these we gave a Testament, charging him to read it constantly, and remember that it is the word of God, and the guide to heaven. He bowed, thanked us for the gift, and said, "I will read it often."

Journey to Philadelphia.

In the afternoon took leave of Sart, and went across the plain to see the tumuli or barrows on the opposite hill. In half an hour we crossed the Hermus, and in an hour more reached one of the largest barrows. It is made of earth, in the form of a semiglobe, and as nearly as we could measure it with our steps, 200 rods in circumference. From the summit of this, 40 or 50 others were in sight; most of them much smaller. Strabo says, the largest of these was built in honour of Halyattis, the father of Croesus, and was 6 stadia, i. e. three quarters of a mile, in circumference.

From these tumuli we went to Tarkeny, a village one hour east of Sart on the way to Philadelphia. Arrived in the evening, and put up with a Greek priest. There are about 50 Greeks in the village and its vicinity. They have a church which was built 10 years ago. In the evening, 6 or 7 men came in, and we read to them the three first chapters of Revelations. Sometimes they seemed pleased, and at other

times surprised. It all seemed new to them. The priest had never seen a Romaic Testament before. There is no school in his parish, and he says very few of his people can read. Tuesday, 14. Gave Germanicus, the priest, a Testament, and some tracts for his flock and for another priest in the neighbourhood. At half past seven set out for Philadelphia. Our road lay along the south side of the plain. On the north side were several villages. In 4 hours, we came to a Greek shop, where we took some refreshment, and gave tracts to two or three men.

SUMMARY.

The missionary establishment, among the Cherokees of the Arkansaw, has been named DWIGHT, 'in memory of the late President Dwight, a distinguished and highly revered member of the Board.'

Methodists.-The session of the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, held at Paris, Oneida county, N. Y. adjourned last week, after a session of 8 days. Twenty-nine ministers were ordained at the session, and reports were received that thirty-five chapels were now building within the bounds of the confer

ence.

The subject of the location of the new seminary, to be erected under their patronage, was acted upon at the session, and this place (Ithica) finally decided upon. A committee of nine was appointed to meet on the 20th inst. to organize, form a constitution, and take the necessary measures to carry the views of the conference into effect.-Rep. Chron. Aug. 1.

Extract from Rev. Mr. Alden's Narrative of his Mission among the Seneca and Munsee Indians.

It is a remarkable fact, that two Indians by the name of Johnson and Turkey, have actually been appointed by the chiefs at Cataraugus, to instruct the natives, from Sabbath to Sabbath, in the christian re

ligion! They were both present. Johnson gave an exhortation, urging upon the assembly the importance of what had been brought to view. He expressed his ideas in forcible language as to the momentous nature of those things, and bis hope that they should persevere in keeping the Sabbath. He avowed his resolution to attend to the duty assigned him by the chiefs, so long as they should see fit to continue him in the office, and tendered me his hearty thanks. He then requested me to sing, and pray; and dismiss the congregation; which was accordingly done.

Mr. Hyde, under the patronage of the

New-York Missionary Society, with the bumble but honourable name of a catechist, delivers regular discourses, from residence, and occasionally at Cataraugus Sabbath to Sabbath, in the village of his

and Tonnewanta, when a cavalcade of

nearly twenty of the principal characters of his more immediate charge accompa nies him thirty miles, out of respect to this faithful labourer in the vineyard, and to encourage the hearts and strengthen the hands of their brethren, of those reservations, in the work of the Lord.

Education of Females in India.-By a late English Magazine, we perceive that the plan of educating Hindoo females commenced in the last summer, in the populous city of Calcutta, under the direction of the English Baptist Missionaries. This is the first school for heathen girls established in this city for centuries, and with two exceptions, in that extensive country, containing “ nine times the population of the British Isles!" A Hindoo woman, who was qualified for an instructress, had been obtained, a small schoolroom was built as an experiment, and 18 Hindoo girls had been received as schol

ars.

The expense is defrayed by a society of young ladies. Nine or ten other scholars attended occasionally. Nearly twenty were under the care of school-masters,

making the whole number almost fifty.Some Hindoo gentlemen begin to relinquish their prejudices against female education, and freely say, "that perhaps girls may be able to learn, and that instructing them may be a good thing." Who shall set bounds to the efforts of christian benevolence? Or who shall limit the power of the Almighty, in rescuing from the dominion of ignorance and iniquity, the most degraded of our race?-Watchman.

of the "United Foreign Mission Society," The Tuscarora Indians, under the care have experienced severe trials through the violent opposition of the Chief Longboard, to the gospel. The result bas been a separation, and departure of the Pagan Party, leaving the Christian part in the quiet and joyful possession of their privileges. Probably many who have gone away under the influence of passion, will ultimately return; some have found their way back already. The Tribe is now nominally

Christian. The Sabbath is almost univer

sally regarded and honored among them: not a village in the state, where so large a proportion of the heads of families attend preaching. Their attention to the word is surprising and encouraging.—Rec.

The Presbyterian Churches of SouthCarolina and Georgia have commenced a mission among the Chickasaws. Its opening prospects are flattering. The ne cessary buildings are in a state of forward. ness, and it is hoped will be soon comple