249 291 · 330 I.-The Origin and Meaning of the Ancient Characters of Style. By II.-A Harvard Manuscript of Ovid, Palladius and Tacitus. By E. K. REVIEWS AND BOOK NOTICES: Heinze, Virgils Epische Technik.-Harris, The Tragedies of Seneca, rendered into English Verse. Open to original communications in all departments of philology, classical, comparative, oriental, modern; condensed reports of current philological work; summaries of chief articles in the leading philological journals of Europe; reviews by specialists; bibliographical lists. Four numbers constitute a volume, one volume each year. Subscription price $3.00 a year, payable to the publisher in advance; single numbers, $1.00 each. Suitable advertisements will be inserted at the following rates: The English Agents of the American Journal of Philology are Messrs. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., Paternoster House, Charing Cross Road, London, W. C. SPECIAL NOTICE.-The stock of complete sets of THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGY has passed over into the hands of the undersigned. These sets will be sold for the present at the regular price, $75 for the twenty-five volumes, cash to accompany the order. Single volumes, $3; single numbers, $1 each, so far as they can be supplied. Address THE JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS, Baltimore, Md. Published quarterly. Three dollars a year (postage paid). Entered at the Postoffice of Baltimore, Md., as second-class matter, Press of The Friedenwald Co. Baltimore, Md. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGY VOL. XXVI, 3. WHOLE NO. 103. I.—THE ORIGIN AND MEANING OF THE ANCIENT CHARACTERS OF STYLE. Cicero, in the third book de Oratore, pleading for an ideal union of philosophy statesmanship, and eloquence in the person of the orator-a union such as he finds exemplified in the sophists of fifth century Greece-describes with much picturesqueness the divorce of the arts of thought and speech, which before had been one under the common name of philosophy.1 As such a unit, Gorgias Thrasymachus and Isocrates had conceived of their field and instructed their pupils. But Socrates, though himself a product of this comprehensive conception and a type of the versatile skill which it produced, had brought in division and usurped for the science of thought that designation which thinkers, orators, and statesmen had before enjoyed in common. Hence arose a division almost as of soul and body, so that the teaching of thought and expression was no longer one and the same. The sharp outlines of the antithesis as described by Cicero do not in the widest sense correspond to the historical development as it can be traced; they do, however, agree essentially with such pictures as the Gorgias and the Phaedrus present, in which, in concrete and almost plastic form, we have set over 1De Or. III 56: hanc cogitandi pronuntiandique rationem vimque dicendi veteres Graeci sapientiam nominabant. Ib. 60: cum nomine appellarentur uno, quod omnis rerum optimarum cognitio atque in eis exercitatio philosophia nominaretur. See also 60 and 61 for the text following. 2 See von Arnim, Dio von Prusa (Berlin, 1898), ch. 1. |