buried at Hospitality. During her lingering illness she was visited by the Moravian Sisters, who also were present at her death and burial. Later, he made a proposition to the Moravian congregation in Philadelphia to take a part of his plantation and lay out a graveyard, which was, however, declined, owing to its distance from the city.

For his wife he had purchased a female slave, Beulah, whom, in 1752, he conveyed in due form by deed with covenants to the Moravian Church, which was equivalent to setting her free. Of her purchase he recites: "The cause of which purchase of her was not with any intention of worldly gain by continuing her in slavery all the days of her life, but partly for the service of my dear wife Susannah, who is since deceased, and partly in mercy to prevent others from buying her for filthy lucre's sake." This is evidence that even then some there were who entertained doubts as to the right to hold human beings in perpetual servitude, and set a worthy example for others to follow. His second wife was Mary Lisle. The issue of this marriage was: John, born 15th August, 1749 (died 1756); Charles, born 1st September, 1751; Mary, born 15th September, 1752; Richard, born 13th November, 1754 (died 1756); John, born 11th September, 1756. His daughter, Mary, was married at Christ Church, March 3, 1768, to Thomas Patterson.

Charles Brockden died on Friday afternoon, October 20, 1769, and two days later was buried in his private ground at Hospitality. The funeral was no doubt an event in the neighborhood. His family and friends from Philadelphia, with the minister of the Moravian Church, were present; the Germans and Swedes, who had served him, with their families, and a few Indians made up the remainder of the cortege who followed him to the grave. In the twilight and with uncovered heads the company listened to the las words of the service read by the minister, while the requiem sung echoed strangely through the forest. Wild and weird were the surroundings, and the aborigines themselves were impressed with the solemnity of the occasion. Now, the grave is not known where rest the remains of the "skilful

conveyancer and scrivener" who drew up the articles of agreement of the Library Company of Philadelphia for Benjamin Franklin, who records the fact in 1721.

How great the pity that in the haste and turmoil of this busy life so little care is taken to preserve the land-marks of the early days of our country, that so little respect is shown the many burial-places scattered through the land where often lie the bones of those who deserve a place in the history of their times, yet altogether abandoned and forgotten by those in whose veins flow the same blood and who may feel a pride in having such an ancestor. The constant change going on in the ownership of real estate and the removal of families has much to do with this, and many old graveyards that should be held sacred fall into the possession of strangers, and in a few years the rude stones that mark the graves are taken out and the soil levelled by the ploughman.

The few settlers about Hospitality Ponds were Germans and Swedes; but how they came there and what were the inducements for their going so far from the centres of trade and population may always remain a mystery. Some of these were perhaps Redemptioners, purchased and taken there by Charles Brockden as servants and laborers about his isolated settlement. Judge Bodine also throws light upon this point when he gives the names of some of the old families, such as Hoffsey, Hazelett, Vandegrift, Van Sciver, Imhoff, Taber, Pheiffer, and others, which at once betrays their nationality.

By the foregoing sketch it will be seen that Charles Brockden occupied a large space in the political atmosphere of Pennsylvania. His education and early training fitted him for the positions he was called upon to fill, and made him one of the most useful men of the times. His associates were influential, and he was on social equality with the founders of the commonwealth, and had much to do with their private affairs.

Such men deserve more than a passing notice, for their lives go to make up the history of a people and supply needed facts to make it reliable.

JOURNAL OF ROUTE AND OCCURRENCES IN A JOURNEY TO PHILADELPHIA FROM DIGHTON, BEGUN OCT. 24, 1778, BY WILLIAM ELLERY.

CONTRIBUTED BY MISS HENRIETTA C. ELLERY, NEWPORT, R.I.

Oct. 24th, 1778. Sat out from Dighton on a Journey to Philadelphia. Arrived at Providence in the afternoon. The black man who had engaged to attend me on the Journey, fell sick or pretended to be so. I sent an express to Dighton for a boy with whom I had talked about his going, and had refused to take on account of this same black man. The Boy was now unwilling to go. I applied to Gen' Sullivan who accommodated me with a Soldier of Jackson's regiment. The black fellow was a married man and alas and lack-a-day, was under petticoat government, and his sovereign wanted to keep him at home to wait upon her. If I had known previously to my engaging him that he had been under this kind of domination, I should have consulted his Domina and procured her consent, before I had depended upon him, and not suffered this sad disappointment. Well-Let the ambitious say what they please; Women have more to do with the government of this world than they are willing to allow. Oh! Eve, Eve!

Oct. 27th. Reached South Kingston lodged at Judge Potter's with my wife whom I had bro't to Little Rest to pay a visit to Mrs. Champlin and her other friends.

Oct. 28th. Lodged at M2 Champlin's. This day attended upon the Assembly.

Oct. 29th. Left Little Rest, called upon Mrs. Marchant and dined at my tenant Phillips in Richmond. Reached Preston in the Evening and lodged at Harkness's opposite Mr. Hart's meeting-house; were well entertained. Here to my great comfort I found a son of Esculapius, to whom I

disclosed my affliction. It was the same with one of Job's and under which I had rode 78 long miles with as much patience as he discovered. But it must be confessed that the Devil had smote him from the sole of his foot unto the crown of his head; whereas I was afflicted but in the middle region. But then I was attacked a posteriori and in a spot the most exposed in riding to injury of any in the human body. He made use of a potsherd to scrape himself withal, which must have been a sore trial; he had too a set of friends who insulted him and a wife who would have disarmed him of his religion and philosophy. I had with me a kind friend, WTM Redwood of Philadelphia, who had joined me at Providence in his way home, who comforted me, and I had left a wife who had encouraged me to endure affliction like a good Soldier. Upon a comparison of our two cases I find mine so much more tolerable than his, that I am compelled to ask that patient man's pardon.-To return, -the Son of Esculapius advised me to an Emplastrum of Diachylon cum gummis; which, coinciding exactly with the opinion of Dr. Babcock, which I had taken the Day before on the case, I followed it and the next day.

Oct. 30th. Rode 35 miles, with more ease than before. We breakfasted at Lathrop's, Norwich, dined at my tenant's (Jesse Billings) in Colchester and reached Emmon's at East Haddam in the Evening. One word a posteriori, altho' I infinitely prefer, in which if I rightly remember I agree with that great and acute reasoner Dr. Clark the priori road. It is now

Oct. 31st. And I am almost well. Into whose hands this Journal may fall I know not; but humanity bids me tell the reader if ever he should be in my situation not to forget Diachylon cum gummis. We are at Emmon's detained by a Storm which has been brewing for more than a fortnight; but which to our comfort, is like the dram which the Gentleman presented to the Rev—————— Phillips of Long Island, the least, as he said by the dram, that ever I saw of its age in my life. This Mr. Phillips had been preaching in I know not and care not what Parish, and being much fatigued the

Gent: with whom he dined, to refresh his Spirits before dinner, presented him with a dram in a very small glass, observing at the same time, that dram was ten years old. The arch priest wittily professed that it was the least of its age that ever he had seen in his life! But as small as the storm is, it is large enough to detain us.

Mrs. Emmons, our Landlady, is one of the most laughing creatures that ever I saw. She begins and ends everything she says, and she talks as much as most females, with a laugh, which is in truth the silliest laugh that ever I heard. As man hath been defined to be a laughing animal, as Laughter manifests a good disposition and tends to make one fat, I will not find fault with laughing, let Solomon and Chesterfield have said what they may have said against it. Indeed the former says there is a time to laugh, but with the latter it is at no time admissible. However, Chesterfield when he condemns it, hath the character of a courtier only in Idea, and does not regard common life. And Horace I think says ride si sapis. The Spectator hath divided laughter into several species some of which he censures roundly; but doth not as I remember condemn seasonable, gentle laughter. Therefore my pleasant Landlady, laugh on!

Nov. 1st. Passed Connecticut River and dined at Chidsey's on the middle road on the east skirt of Durham. Our Landlady was very kind and pleasant, the cheese and butter were excellent; but alas! they had no Cyder; in consequence of it she said with the tone of lamentation, that they should be quite lonesome this winter. The good people of Connecticut when they form the semicircle round the warm hearth, and the Tankard sparkles with Cyder, are as merry and as sociable as New Yorkers are when they tipple the mantling Madeira. From thence to New Haven is 18 miles, which we reached in the evening. The bridge in the way from Durham being broke down, we passed through North Haven.

Nov. 2nd. Breakfasted with my worthy friend President Stiles. Dined at Thatcher's 14 miles from New Haven, and lodged at Fairfield at Bucklin's which is 9 miles from