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Res gestaeactions, deeds, exploits, achievements. Gignentia, ium, n. pl. (properly neut. part. from gigno), things that grow, organic bodies; plants, trees, herbs, vegetation. Gigno, ĕre, genui, genitum, tr.. to beget, generate, produce, bring forth. Gigni, to be born. Gladiatorius, a, um, adj. (gladiator), gladiatorial, of gladiators. Familia gladiatoria, a school or band of gladiators. Gladius, i, m., a sword.

Glans, dis, f., an acorn; a leaden

ball or bullet. Globus, i, m., a globe, ball; a crowd, body, troop.

Gloria, ae, f., glory, renown, fame, splendor.

Glorior, ari, atus, dep. (gloria), to glory, boast, vaunt, pride one's self.

Gloriosus, a, um, adj. (gloria),

glorious, renowned, illustrious. Gracchus, i, m., Tiberius and Caius Gracchus of the gens Sempronia, distinguished orators and leaders of the popular party.

Gradus, us, m. (gradior), a step;
a degree, gradation. Pleno gradu
at a quick step, at full speed.
Graecia, ae, f., Greece.
Graecus, a, um, adj. (Graecia),
Greek, Grecian, of Greece.
Graeci, ōrum, m. pl., the Greeks.
Grandis, e, adj., great, large, big.
Grassor, āri, ātus, dep. freq. (gra-

dior), to go on, advance, proceed, press forward. Gratia, ae, f. (gratus), favor, esteem, regard, popularity, influence, friendship; charm, beauty, grace; kindness, service, obligation; thanks, thankfulness, gratitude; a return, requital. Agere gratias, to thank, return thanks. Gratiam debere, to owe a kindness, be under obligation. Facere gratiam, to grant pardon, forgive. Gratia, with the gen.,

for the sake. for the purpose, on account. Ea gratiâ, for this reason, on that account. Gratiam reddere, to make requital. In gratiam habere, to regard as a favor.

Gratificor, ari, ātus, dep. (gra

tus), to gratify, oblige; to sacrifice, give up, surrender. Gratuito, adv. (gratuitus), without recompense or profit, gratuitously, for nought; without cause, wantonly.

Gratulor, āri, ātus, dep. (gratus), to congratulate, wish one joy. Gratus, a, um, adj., pleasing, acceptable, agreeable; thankful, grateful.

Gravis, e, adj., heavy, weighty; important, weighty; grievous, severe, oppressive, violent; sad, calamitous.

Graviter, adv. (gravis), heavily, weightily, strongly, forcibly, violently, grievously, severely, greatly.

Gregarius, a, um, adj. (grex), gregarious; common.

Grex, gregis, m., a flock, herd, drove; an assembly, band, crowd.

Gula, ae, f., the gullet, weasand, throat, neck; gluttony, appetite.

Gulussa, ae, m., a son of Masinissa.

H.

Habĕo, ère, ui, ĭtum, tr., to have, hold, possess, keep, enjoy; to employ, exercise, maintain, exhibit; to occupy, inhabit, dwell in; to treat; to deliver, pronounce, speak; to consider, think, regard, esteem, reckon; to assemble; to pass, spend; to bear, tolerate, endure, support, sustain; to use, wear; to bestow, confer; to place, station. Ive promptu habere, to display open

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Habitus, ūs, m. (habeo), habit, state, condition, plight, deportment; dress, attire; quality, nature, character; disposition. Hadrumētum, i, n., a city in the province of Africa.

Haereditas. See Hereditas. Haereo, ere, haesi, haesum, intr., to adhere, stick fast, remain fixed; to be rooted. Haesito, āre, āvi, ātum, intr.freq. (haereo), to hesitate, be at a loss, be perplexed; to stick fast, remain fixed, be rooted. Hamilcar, ǎris, m., a factious nobleman of Leptis. Hannibal, ǎlis, m., a renowned Carthaginian general. Haruspex or Aruspex, icis, m., a soothsayer, diviner.

Hasta, ae, f., a spear, javelin. Hasta pura, a headless spear (without iron), given to soldiers as a mark of distinction. Haud, adv., not, not at all. Haudquaquam, adv. (haud + quâquam, sc. ratione), by no means, not at all. Have, etc.

See Aveo.

Hebes, ětis, adj., blunt, dull, obtuse, heavy, stupid, raw, undisciplined.

Hebesco, ĕre, intr. incho. (hebeo), to grow or become blunt, dull, languid; to languish, lose lustre; to be obscured.

Hercle, adv. (Hercules), by Hercules.

Hercules, is, m., a renowned hero, son of Jupiter and Alemēna. Hercules Libys, the Libyan Hercules.

Hereditas, atis, f. (heres), inheritance, heirship.

Heres, ēdis, m. and f., an heir, heiress. Heres secundus, next heir (second heir), who inherited in case of the death of the first heir.

Hiberna, ōrum, n. pl. (hibernus),

winter-quarters. Agere hiberna, to fix, pass, winter-quarters. Hibernacula, ōrum, n. pl. (hiberna), the tents in winter-quarters; winter tents. Hic, haec, hoc, dem. adj. pron., this, this one, this man; this same; that; such. Pers. pron., he, she, it. Ad hoc, in addition to this.

Hic, adv., here, in this place. Hicce, haecce, hocce, dem. adj. pron. (hic+ce intensive), this. Hiemālis, e, adj. (hiems), winter, wintry, of winter.

Hiěmo, āre, āvi, ātum, intr. (hiems), to winter, pass the winter.

Hiempsal, ǎlis, m., a son of Mi

cipsa. Also, a son of Gulussa, and father of Juba. Hiems, ěmis, f., winter; a storm. Hippo, onis, m., a city of Numidia. Hispania, ae, f., Spain (including

Portugal). Duae Hispaniae, the two Spains, citerior and ulterior, separated by the Ebro. Hispànus, a, um, odj. (Hispania), Spanish. Hispāni, ōrum, m. pl., the Spaniards.

Histrio, onis, m., an actor, stage-player, play-actor; a buffoon.

Homo, inis, m. and f., a man or woman; a person. Novus homo, a new noble, one who was the first of his family to obtain a curule office (as consul, praetor, censor, or curule aedile), and who thus became the founder of his family's nobility (nobilitas), and acquired the jus imaginum.

Honeste, adv. (honestus), honorably, decently, becomingly. Honesto, are, avi, ātum, tr. (hon

estus), to honor, ennoble, dignify, adorn, grace. Honestus, a, um, adj. (honor), honorable, honored, respected; decent, becoming, respectable; right, correct.

Honor or Honos, ōris, m., honor, respect; an office, preferment, dignity. Imperia et honores military and civil offices. Honōro, āri, āvi, ātum, tr. (honor), to honor, respect; to dignify, adorn, exalt.

Hora, ae, f., an hour; a period;

a season of the year. Horribilis, e, adj. (horreo), horrible, dreadful, frightful, terrible. Hortamentum, i, n. (hortor), an encouragement, incitement. Hortatio, onis, f. (hortor), an exhortation, encouragement. Hortor, āri, ātus, dep., to exhort, encourage, incite, stimulate, spur on; to prompt, suggest, advise.

Hospes, itis, m. and f., a guest, visitor, sojourner; a host, entertainer.

Hostia, ae, f., a victim, a sacri

fice.

Hostilis, e, adj. (hostis), of or belonging to the enemy, hostile. Hostilis metus, fear of the enemy. Hostilia, n. pl., hostilities, acts of hostility. Hostiliter, adv. (hostilis), in a hostile manner.

Hostis, is, m. and f., an enemy, a public enemy.

Huc, adv. (hic), hither, to this place, here; to this degree, to this. Huc (et) illuc, hither and thither, this way and that. Huccine or Hucine, adv. (huc + ce intensive ne interrogative), hither? to this? in this place? Hucine beneficia tua evasere? have your kindnesses ended in this?

Hujusce. See Hicce.

Hujuscemodi and Hujusmodi are more properly written hujusce modi and hujus modi, from hic and modus, of this kind or sort;

such. Humānus, a, um, adj. (homo), human, of mankind, of man; humane, kind; polished, refined.

Humilis, e, adj. (humus), low; lowly, humble, poor, mean, base. Humilitas, ātis, f. (humilis), low

ness; meanness, baseness, littleness of mind, poverty. Humus, i, f., the ground, earth, soil. Humi, on or in the ground. Humo, from the ground.

I.

Ibi, adv. (is), there, in that place; then, at that time; in that, in these; therein; thereupon. Ibidem, adv. (ibidem), in the same place.

Idcirco, adv. (id + circa), on that account, therefore, for that rea

son.

Idem, eadem, idem, dem. adj. pron. (isdem), the same; the same person or thing. Sometimes it may be translated, also, at once. Isdem for iisdem. Idoněus, a, um, adj., fit, suitable,

proper, convenient, sufficient, worthy; capable, able; reliable, safe.

Iĕram iveram, from eo. Igitur, conj., therefore, then; well then; accordingly.

Ignārus, a, um, adj. (in +gnarus), ignorant, unskilful, unacquainted, inexperienced; unknown.

Ignavia, ae, f. (ignavus), inac

tivity, sluggishness, sloth, idleness; cowardice. Ignāvus, a, um, adj. (in+gnavus), inactive, idle, sluggish, slothful; cowardly, dastardly, irresolute.

Ignis, is, m., fire, a watch-fire. Ignobilis, e, adj. (in nobilis),

unknown, obscure, ignoble, mean; of low birth, base-born. Ignobilitas, atis, f. (ignobilis), obscurity; low birth, mean origin. Ignominia, ae, f. (in + nomen), ignominy, disgrace, dishonor.

Ignoro, åre, āvi, atum, tr. and intr. (ignarus), not to know, to be ignorant of, unacquainted with.

Ignosco, ĕre, ōvi, ōtum, tr. (in + nosco), to pardon, forgive, overlook, excuse.

Ignotus, a, um, adj. (in+gnotus), unknown, not known.

Ilex, icis, f., the holm-oak, great scarlet-oak.

Ille, illa, illud, gen. illius, dem. adj. pron., that, that person or thing; this. Also pers. pron., he, she, it.

attrac

Illecebra, ae, f. (illicio), an enticement, allurement, tion, charm, lure. Illectus, a, um, part. from. Illicio, ĕre, exi, ectum, tr. (in + lacio), to allure, entice, decoy, inveigle, attract.

Illico, adv. (in + loco), there, in that place; on the spot, instantly, immediately.

Illim, adv. (an old form for illinc), from that time, from that place, thence.

Illuc, adv. (ille), thither, to that place. Huc (et) illuc, hither and thither.

Illustris, e, adj. (in+lustro), clear, bright, luminous; plain, distinct, evident, manifest. Imago, inis, f., an image, figure, likeness; an ancestral image, made of wax. Homo multarum imaginum (a man of many images), i. e. one descended from a long line of noble ancestors. Imbecillus, a, um, adj., weak, feeble, tender.

Imbellis, e, adj. (in + bellum), unwarlike, effeminate, cowardly, faint-hearted.

Imbuo, ĕre, ui, ūtum, tr., to wet, steep, imbue; to initiate, in

struct.

Imitor, āri, ātus, dep., to imitate,

copy, counterfeit. Immānis, e, adj. (in + mag

nus), huge, vast, enormous, im

mense; inhuman, fierce, savage, wild.

Immatūrus, a, um, adj. (in+

maturus), unripe, immature, unseasonable, premature, untimely. Imměmor, oris, adj. (in + me

mor), unmindful, forgetful, heedless, regardless. Immensus, a, um, adj. (in + mensus), immense, vast, immeasurable, boundless. In immensum, to an immense distance or height. Imminuo, ĕre, ui, ütum, tr. (in minuo), to lessen, diminish; to impair, weaken, subvert, ruin, violate, infringe. Immitto, ĕre, misi, missum, tr. (in mitto), to send in, let in, cast, throw; to let loose, discharge; to instigate, suborn. Immo, adv., no, nay, no indeed, on the contrary. Immo vero, no indeed, nay indeed, nay rather. Immoderatus, a, um, adj. (in +

moderatus), immoderate, excessive, unrestrained, unbridled. Immortalis, e, adj. (in +mortalis), immortal, undying; imperishable, endless, eternal. Immunis, e, adj. (in +munis), free or exempt from a public office, burden, or charge; free from taxes, tax-free; free from, exempt.

Immuto, are, avi, ātum, tr. (in muto), to change, alter, re

verse.

Impar, ăris, adj. (in + par), uneven, unequal, inferior, dissimi

lar.

Imparātus, a, um, adj. (in + par

atus), unprepared, not ready, unprovided.

Impedimentum, i, n. (impedio), an impediment, hindrance; in the pl., the baggage of an army. Impědio, ire, ivi, itum, tr. (in

pes), to entangle, ensnare, shackle, hamper, hinder, impede; to detain, obstruct, retard, check, prevent.

Impello, ĕre, půli, pulsum, tr. | Impigre, adv. (impiger), actively,

(in pello), to urge forward, urge on, impel, move, instigate, induce, incite, stimulate; to overthrow, subdue. Impendĕo, ĕre,

intr. (in +

pendeo), to hang over, impend, overhang, threaten. Impense, adv. (impensus), at great cost, expensively; exceedingly, greatly, earnestly, zealously, eagerly.

Imperator, ōris, m. (impero), a

commander, general, leader; the commander-in-chief of an army. Imperatum, i, n. (impero), a command, an order.

Imperitia, ae, f. (imperītus), ignorance, inexperience. Imperito, are, avi, atum, tr. and intr. freq. (impero), to command, rule, govern.

Imperitus, a, um, adj. (in + peritus), unskilful, inexperienced, ignorant, unacquainted. Imperium, i, n. (impero), a command, order, direction; authority, control; sovereignty, dominion, empire, sway; a realm, empire; the chief command, command; military power. Contra imperium, contrary to orders.

Impero, are, avi, atum, tr. and intr., to command, order, rule, govern; to enjoin, require; to assign.

Impětro, āre, āvi, ātum, tr. (in patro), to effect, accomplish; to obtain, procure by entreaty, obtain by request. Impětus, ūs, m. (impěto), an attack, assault, onset, impetuosity. Impiětas, atis, f. (impius), impiety; undutiful conduct towards the gods, one's parents, country, etc.; irreverence, ungodliness, undutifulness. Impiger, gra, grum, adj. (in+

piger), active, diligent, quick, energetic, indefatigable, unwearied.

quickly, readily, promptly, diligently.

Impius, a, um, adj. (in + pius), impious, wicked irreverent, ungodly, undutiful, unpatriotic. Implěo, ere, ēvi, ētum, tr. (in + pleo), to fill.

Implico, are, avi or ui, ātum or ĭtum, tr. (in +plico), to infold, involve, entangle, entwine, inwrap, envelop, encircle, embrace; to perplex, confound, confuse.

Imploro, āre, āvi, ātum, tr. (in ploro), to invoke, beg for, implore, beseech, entreat, supplicate.

Impōno, ĕre, posui, positum, tr. (in pono), to place, put or lay upon or in; to impose; to set or place over; to give, assign, confer, bestow; to apply; to engage in.

.

Importunitas, atis, f. (importūnus), unsuitableness, unfitness, unmannerliness, incivility, rudeness, insolence. Importūnus, a, um, adj., unfit, unsuitable, inconvenient; unfavorable, inopportune; troublesome, grievous, distressing, dangerous; unmannerly, uncivil, rude, indecorous, churlish, cruel.

Importuosus, a, um, adj. (in +

portuosus), without a harbor, harborless.

Imprimis or Inprimis is more properly written In primis= above all, especially, particularly, first of all. Improbus, a, um, adj. (in + probus), bad, wicked, dishonest, depraved, knavish, malicious, impudent.

Improvisus, a, um, adj. (in+ provisus), unforeseen, unlooked for, unexpected, sudden. De or ex improviso, suddenly, unexpectedly.

Imprudentia, ae, f. (imprūdens),

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