Estuaries

abundant acids algae animals Assoc basin benthic benthos biological bioturbate bottom brackish water Bull carbon changes channel Chesapeake Bay circulation clay coast coastal concentration copepods crabs Cyathura decrease delta density deposits depth detritus diatom distribution ecology effect environment environmental equation estu estuary euryhaline factors fauna fish fjord flow fresh water freshwater Geol gradient Gulf Gulf of Mexico increase inlet invertebrates Island laboratory lagoons Laguna Madre larvae layer low tide lower mangrove Marine Biol measurements menhaden ment meters mineral mixing mouth nekton observed occur ocean Oceanog Oceanography organic matter osmoregulation oxygen particles percent photosynthesis phytoplankton plankton populations range relatively result river salinity salt marsh samples sand sea level sea water seasonal seaward sedi sediments shallow shore silt species Station surface temperature tidal currents tidal flats tion types upper values variation velocity vertical Wadden wave zone zooplankton