Cultural Transmission and Evolution: A Quantitative ApproachPrinceton University Press, 21 mag 1981 - 388 pagine A number of scholars have found that concepts such as mutation, selection, and random drift, which emerged from the theory of biological evolution, may also explain evolutionary phenomena in other disciplines as well. Drawing on these concepts, Professors Cavalli-Sforza and Feldman classify and systematize the various modes of transmitting "culture" and explore their consequences for cultural evolution. In the process, they develop a mathematical theory of the non-genetic transmission of cultural traits that provides a framework for future investigations in quantitative social and anthropological science. The authors use quantitative models that incorporate the various modes of transmission (for example, parent-child, peer-peer, and teacher-student), and evaluate data from sociology, archaeology, and epidemiology in terms of the models. They show that the various modes of transmission in conjunction with cultural and natural selection produce various rates of cultural evolution and various degrees of diversity within and between groups. The same framework can be used for explaining phenomena as apparently unrelated as linguistics, epidemics, social values and customs, and diffusion of innovations. The authors conclude that cultural transmission is an essential factor in the study of cultural change. |
Sommario
Introduction | 3 |
12 The adaptiveness of behavior | 4 |
13 Levels of learning | 4 |
14 Innate and learned traits | 4 |
15 Culture as the object of evolution | 4 |
16 The measurement of selection in biology | 4 |
17 Two levels of selection and two orders of organisms | 14 |
18 Some examples from the evolution of languages | 19 |
parent versus teachers | 192 |
312 Kinetics of cultural change with oblique and horizontal transmission | 202 |
313 Variation among transmission | 204 |
314 Correlation of cultural and biological variation | 216 |
Multiple State Traits | 219 |
42 Vertical transmission for threestate models | 222 |
43 Numerical examples of multistate transmission | 238 |
44 Assortative mating | 245 |
19 the diffusion of innovations | 29 |
110 Epidemics | 46 |
111 Cultural transmission | 53 |
112 Transmission as a twostage process | 62 |
113 A summary of evolutionary factors in culture | 65 |
114 Some caveats and problems | 69 |
Vertical Transmission | 77 |
22 Vertical transmission | 78 |
23 Special cases of vertical transmission | 84 |
24 Correlations between relatives | 91 |
25 Assortative mating | 95 |
26 Natural selection | 101 |
27 Mutation | 107 |
28 Randomsampling drift | 109 |
29 Drift and natural selection | 121 |
210 Concluding remarks on vertical transmission | 124 |
Oblique and Horizontal Transmission | 130 |
32 Oblique and vertical transmission with natural selection | 133 |
33 Sexinfluenced transmission | 143 |
34 Horizontal transmission | 151 |
35 Sibsib interactions | 154 |
36 Migration dependent on extent of separation | 157 |
37 Migration dependent on extent of separation | 173 |
38 Population stratification | 177 |
39 The recent demographic transition as an example of stratified vertical and oblique or horizontal transmission in cultural change | 180 |
Vertical and oblique transmission | 189 |
45 Horizontal and oblique transmission | 251 |
An example of drift in multistate cultural transmission | 255 |
Cultural Transmission For a Continuous Trait | 267 |
52 Linear transmission | 275 |
53 Correlations between relatives | 279 |
54 Multivariate linear models | 286 |
55 Social stratification class and caste | 293 |
56 Natural selection range attenuation and their effects on the correlations between relatives | 300 |
57 Mutation and cultural drift for continuous traits | 307 |
58 Upper limits to individual variation under cultural drift | 314 |
59 Variation between groups | 317 |
510 Cultural selection versus cultural drift | 319 |
511 Simple social hierarchies and compartments | 332 |
Teachers vs parents | 334 |
Epilogue | 340 |
62 Harmony and conflict of cultural and natural selection | 342 |
63 Cultural transmission communication and cultural selection | 346 |
64 Modes of transmission and their consequences for rates and equilibria under cultural evolution | 351 |
65 Chance and purpose in cultural variation | 357 |
66 Overlaps with other areas of study | 359 |
67 Individual selection and group selection | 361 |
68 Cultural activity as an extension of Darwinian fitness | 362 |
367 | |
383 | |
Altre edizioni - Visualizza tutto
Cultural Transmission and Evolution: A Quantitative Approach Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza,Marcus W. Feldman Anteprima limitata - 1981 |
Cultural Transmission and Evolution: A Quantitative Approach Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza,Marcus W. Feldman Anteprima non disponibile - 1981 |