pire, of which they are members, and which regards you both as its head and its founder; but Cæsar, whitst he re-assumes all his power, respects those rights which are not his own. He himself points out, with wisdom, the limits of priesthood, and of the Empire. Religion will not cease to lean upon the throne which has establish sole business it is to collect information, relative to Ireland; and, in short, he has, I dare say, an Irish department of politics. It was declared in parliament, that there was a French party in Ireland; and, I dare say, that Napoleon did not, even then, want such information. Well, then: let us out-bid him; let us seduce his party from him; let us bribe them by kindness; leted her, and the Successor of St. Peter will us purchase them with acts of liberality and justice. The time is now hastily coming, when we cannot afford to have any malcontents; our cause wants the whole of our people; we cannot let one half remain at home to keep down the other half. In one word, the hearts of the people of Ireland must be gained, or there is no hope of safety for England. WM. COBBETT. Batley, 4th Jan. 1810. OFFICIAL PAPERS. the Emperor; and his Answer. be to us dearer and more revered, by blessing the Successor of Charlemagne, in the name of the God of Peace, whose will changes the empires, but whose worship never changes. All which is attached to you, aggrandizes; all that seeks a foreign influence is threatened by an immediate fall; we must obey your ascendancy; it is at once the counsel of heroism and of politics. Sire, you said, a few days ago, that your first passion was the love of France; this word resounded in all hearts.-This day you announce that victory will not exact any fresh sacrifices; The Legislative Body thanks you for it; but, it does not fear to be contradicted by a brave and generous nation, when it replies, that nothing is impossible to Frenchinen, towards a Sovereign, who covers them with so much glory, and who has so amply requited them, by paying their sacrifices with all his love." His Majesty replied to this Address in the following terms: Paris, Dec. 13.-Last Sunday, the Emperor and King, being on the throne, surrounded by the Princes, the Ministers, the great Officers of the Empire, the Members of the Senate, and by those of the Council of State, received, before mass, at the palace of the Thuilleries, a deputation from the Legis tive Body. This deputation was conducted to the audience of his Majesty, by a Deputy Master of the Ceremonies, introduced by the Grand Master of the Ceremonies, and presented by his Serene High-tachment of your body to my person. ness the Prince Vice Grand Elector. The deputation being admitted to the foot of the throne, spoke in the following terms, The Address which had been voted to his Majesty: "Gentlemen, President, and Deputies of the Legislative Body ;-I accept the sintiments which you express; I know the at France stands in need of a moderate but strong monarchy. The present epoch ought to be distinguished, not only by the glory of the French arms, but also by the prosperity of its commerce, the wisdom of its laws, and the brilliancy of arts, of sciences, of letters. I have overcome many obstacles to conduct France to its actual situation: both myself and family will be always ready to sacrifice even our dearest affections to the interests and welfare of this great nation. With the assistance of God, and the constant love of my people, I shall overcome whatever can oppose my great designs.-I wish to live still for 30 years, that i may serve 30 years more my subjects, consolidate this vast empire, and see this dear France embellished by all the prosperities which I have conceived. Sire; The Legislative Body beholds you greater, every time it has the honour of approaching your Majesty's throne. Each year is for you an age of glory; each return to your capital, is a fresh triumph. When you were at a distance from France, your genius did not abandon her; it still continued to dwell in the centre of us. On the first appearance of the enemy, your people, whom you regarded, from the Banks of the Danube, have fled with precipitation in crowds to the threatened frontiers. The enemy hastened to flee away, as if you had really been present. Your last exploits, and the happy peace which has followed them, will aggrandize the territories of the Princes your allies. Important re-unions are on the eve of accomplishing the system of this vast Em-teur.) Paris, Dec. 17.-His Majesty the Emperor and King set out at four o'clock, this day, for Trianon. Her Majesty the Empress Josephine is at Malmaison. (Moni ceed to their own ports, it should appear that the tenor of legal authority has not been strictly pursued, it is to be ascribed to the anxious desire which was felt, that no individual should be injured by so unforeseen an occurrence: and I rely on the regard of Congress for the equitai le interests of our own Citizens, to adopt whatever further provisions may be found requisite for a general remission of penalties involuntarily incurred.-The rccal of the disavowed Minister having been followed by the appointment of a successor, hopes were indulged that the new Minister would contribute to alleviate the disappointment which had been produced, and to remove the causes which had so long embarrassed the good understanding of the two nations. It could not be doubted, that it would at least be charged with conciliatory expla nations of the step which had been taken, and with proposals to be substituted for the rejected arrangement. Reasonable and universal as this expectation was, it also has not been fulfilled. From the first of ficial disclosures of the new Minister, it was found that he had received no authority to enter into explanations relative to either branch of the arrangement dis Fellow Citizens of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives; At the period of our last Meeting, I had the satisfaction of communicating an adjustment with one of the principal belligerent nations, highly important in itself, and still more so, as presaging a more extended accomodation. It is with deep concern I am now to inform you, that the favourable prospect has been overclouded by a refusal of the British Government to abide by the act of its Minister Plenipotentiary, and by its ensuing policy towards the United States, as seen through the communications of the Minister sent to replace him. Whatever pleas may be urged for a disTowal of engagements formed by diplomatic functionaries, in cases where, by the terms of the engagements, a mutual ratification is reserved; or where notice at the time may have been given of a departure from instructions; or in extraordinary cases, essentially violating the principles of equity, a disavowal could not have been apprehended in a case where no such notice or violation existed, where no such ratification was reserved, and more especial-avowed; nor any authority to substitute ly, where, as is now in proof, an engage- proposals, as to that branch, which conment, to be executed without any such racerned the British Orders in Council; and tification, was contemplated by the in- finally, that his proposals with respect to structions given, and where it had, with the other branch, the attack on the frigate good faith, been carried into immediate Chesapeake, were founded on a presumpexecution on the part of the United States. tion, repeatedly declared to be inadmissi These considerations not having restrained ble by the United States, that the first the British Government from disavowing step towards adjustment was due from the arrangement, by virtue of which its them; the proposals, at the same time, Orders in Council were to be revoked, and omitting even a reference to the officer the event authorising the renewal of com- answerable for the murderous aggression, mercial intercourse having thus not taken and asserting a claim, not less contrary to place, it necessarily became a question, the British laws and British practice, than of equal urgency and importance, whether to the principles and obligations of the the act prohibiting that intercourse was not United States.-The correspondence beto be considered as remaining in legal tween the department of State and this force? This question being after due de Minister will shew how inessentially the liberation, determined in the affirmative, features presented in its commencement a Proclamation to that effect was issued. have been varied in its progress. It will It could not but happen, however, that a shew also, that forgetting the respect due, return to this state of things, from that to all Governments, he did not refrain from which had followed an execution of the imputations on this, which required that arrangement by the United States, would no further communications should be reinvolve difficulties. With a view to di- ceived from him. The necessity of this minish these as much as possible, the in-step will be made known to his Britannic structions from the Secretary of the Treasury, now laid before you, were transmitted to the Collectors of the several ports. If, in permitting British vessels to depart, without giving bonds not to pro Majesty through the Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States in London. And it would indicate a want of confidence due to a Government which so well understands and exacts what becomes foreign Ministers near it, not to infer that the mis- | of an improving quality, appears to be conduct of its own representative will be annually increasing, at a rate, that, with viewed in the same light in which it has those made on private contract, may be been regarded here. The British Govern- expected to go far towards providing for ment will learn, at the same time, that a the public exigency. The Act of Conready attention will be given to communi- gress, providing for the equipment of our cations, through any channel which may vessels of war, having been fully carried be substituted. It will be happy, if the into execution, I refer to the statement of change in this respect should be accom- the Secretary of the Navy for the informapanied by a favourable revision of the un- tion which may be proper on that subject. friendly policy which has been so long To that statement is added a view of pursued towards the United States. With the transfers of appropriations, authorized France, the other belligerent, whose tres- by the Act of the Session preceding the passes on our commercial rights have long last, and of the grounds on which the transbeen the subject of our just remonstances, fers were made.-Whatever may be the the posture of our relations does not cor- course of your deliberations on the subrespond with the measures taken on the ject of our military establishments, I should part of the United States, to effect a fa- fail in my duty in not recommending to vourable change. The result of the seve your serious attention the importance of ral communications made to her Govern- giving to our militia, the great bulwark of ment, in pursuance of the authorities vested our security, and resource of our power, an by Congress in the executive, is contained organization the best adapted to eventual in the correspondence of our Minister at situations for which the United States Paris, now laid before you. By some of ought to be prepared.-The sums which the other belligerents, although professing had been previously accumulated in the just and amicable dispositions, injuries ma- Treasry, together with the receipts durterially affecting our commerce have noting the year ending on the 30th of Sept. been duly controuled or repressed. In last (and amounting to more than nine these cases, the interpositions deemed millions of dollars), have enabled us to proper on our part have not been omitted. fulfil all our engagements, and to defray But it well deserves the consideration of the current expenses of Government withthe Legislature, how far both the safety out recurring to any loan. But the insecuand the honour of the American flag may rity of our commerce, and the consequent be consulted, by adequate provisions diminution of the public revenue, will against that collusive prostitution of it, probably produce a deficiency in the reby individuals unworthy of the American ceipts of the ensuing year, for which, and name, which has so much favoured the for other details, I refer to the statements real or pretended suspicions under which which will be transmitted from the Treathe honest commerce of their fellow-citi- sury.-In the state which has been presentzens has suffered. In relation to the ed of our affairs with the great parties to a powers on the coast of Barbary, nothing disastrous and protracted war, carried on in has occurred which is not of a nature rather a mode equally injurious and unjust to the to inspire confidence than distrust, as to United States, as a neutral nation, the the continuance of the existing amity. wisdom of the National Legislature will be With our Indian neighbours, the just and again summoned to the important decision benevolent system continued toward them of the alternatives before them. That has also preserved peace, and is more and these will be met in a spirit worthy the more advancing habits favourable to their councils of a nation, conscious both of civilization and happiness.-From a state- its rectitude and of its rights, and careful ment which will be made by the Secretary as well of its honour as of its peace, I have of War, it will be seen that the fortifica- an entire confidence. And that the retions on our maritime frontier are in many sult will be stamped by an unanimity beof the ports completed, affording the de- coming the occasion, and be supported by fence which was contemplated, and that every portion of our citizens, with a pafurther time will be required to render triotism enlightened and invigorated by complete the works in the harbour of New experience, ought as little to be doubted. York, and in some other places. By the-In the midst of the wrongs and vexations enlargement of the works, and the employment of a great lumber of hands at the public armouries supply of small arms, experienced from external causes, there is much room for congratulation on the pros perity and happiness flowing from our situation at home. The blessing of health | ditions forming the substance of Mr. Erhas never been more universal. The fruits skine's original Instruction, were subof the seasons, though in particular articles mitted to him by that gentleman. The and districts short of their usual redun- other, viz. That that Instruction is the only dancy, are more than sufficient for our one in which the Conditions were prewants and our comforts. The face of our scribed to Mr. Erskine for the conclusion country every where presents the evidence of an arrangement on the matter to which of laudable enterprise, of extensive capital, it related, is known to me by the Instrucand of durable improvement. In a culti- tions which I have myself received-In vation of the materials, and the extension stating these facts, and in adhering to of useful manufactures, more especially, in them, as my duty imperiously enjoined the general application to household fa- me to do, in order to repel the frequent brics, we behold a rapid diminution of our charges of ill faith, which have been made dependence on foreign supplies.-Nor is it against his Majesty's Government, I could unworthy of reflection, that the revolution not imagine that offence would be taken in our pursuits and habits is in no slight at it by the American Government, as degree a consequence of those impolitic most certainly none could be intended on and arbitrary edicts, by which the con- my part; and this view of the subject has tending nations, in endeavouring each of been made known to Mr. Smith. But as them to obstruct our trade with the other, I am informed by him that no further have so far abridged our means of procur- communication will be received by him ing the productions and manufactures, of from me, I conceive that I have no alterwhich our own are now taking the place. native left, which is consistent with the -Recolk cting always, that for every ad- King's dignity, but to withdraw altogevantage which may contribute to distin- ther from this city, and await elsewhere guish our lot from that to which others are the arrival of his Majesty's commands doomed by the unhappy spirit of the upon the unlooked for turn which has thus times, we are indebted to that Divine Pro- been given to his affairs in this country. vidence, whose goodness has been so remarkably extended to this rising nation, it becomes us to cherish a devout gratitude, and to implore from the same omnipotent source a blessing on the consultations and measures about to be undertaken for the welfare of our beloved country.. JAMES MADISON. Circular Letter of Mr. Jackson, dated Wash ington, Nov. 15, 1809. Sir;-I have to inform you, with much regret, that the facts which it has been my duty to state, in my official correspondence with Mr. Smith, have been deemed by the President of the United States to afford a sufficient motive for breaking off an important Negociation, and for putting an end to all communication whatever with me, as the minister charged with that negociation, so interesting to both nations; and on one most material point of which an answer has not been returned to an official and written overture *-One of the facts alluded to has been admitted by the Secretary of State himself in his letter to me of the 19th of October, viz. That the three Con I mean, in the interval, to make New York the place of my residence, where you will henceforth please direct your communications to me, as I shall be accompanied by every member of his Majesty's mission. I am, with great truth and respect, Sir, your most obedient humble servant, (Signed) F. J. JACKSON. To- his Majesty's Consul, at AMERICAN DISPUTE.-Correspondence, between MR. R. SMITH, the American Secretary of State, and MR. F. J. JACKSON, the English Envoy. MR. SMITH TO MR. JACKSON. Department of State, Oct. 9, 1809. SIR; An arrangement, as to the revocation of the British Orders in Council, as well as to the satisfaction required in the case of the attack on the Chesapeake frigate, has been made in due form by the Government of the United States with David Montague Erskine, Esq. an accredited Minister Plenipotentiary of his Britannic Majesty. And after it had been faithfully carried into execution on the part of this Government, and under circumstances rendering its effects on the relative situa * This overture is on the affair of the tion of the United States irrevocable, and, Chesapeake. in some respects, irreparable, his Britan of carrying on any trade whatever, direct nic Majesty has deemed it proper to disavow it, to recal his Minister, and to send another to take his place.-In such a state of things, no expectation could be more reasonable, no course of proceeding more obviously prescribed by the ordinary respect due to the disappointed party, than a prompt and explicit explanation, by the new functionary, of the grounds of the refusal on the part of his Government to abide by an arrangement so solemnly made-accompanied by a substitution of other propositions.-Under the influence of this reasonable expectation, the President has learned, with no less surprize than regret, that in your several conferences with me you have stated-1st, That you have no instructions from your Government which authorise you to make any explanations whatever to this Government, as to the reasons which had induced his Britannic Majesty to disavow the arrangement lately made by your predecessor, and that therefore you could not make any such explanations. 2nd, That in the case of the Chesapeake, your instructions only authorise you (without assigning any reason whatever why the reasonable terms of satisfaction tendered and accepted, have 'not been carried into effect) to communicate to this Government a note tendering satisfaction, with an understanding that such note should not be signed and delivered by you, until you should have previously seen and approved the proposed answer of this Government, and that the signing and the delivery of your note and of the answer of this Government should be simultaneous.— 3rd, That you have no instructions which authorise you to make to this Government any propositions whatever in relation to the revocation of the British Orders in Council; but only to receive such as this Government may deem it proper to make to you.-4th, That, at all events, it is not the disposition or the intention of the British Government to revoke their Orders in Council, as they respect the United States; but, upon a formal stipulation on the part of the United States, to accede to the following terms and conditions, viz.-I. That the Act of Congress, commonly called the Nan-inter-respective countries: but after mature, reCourse Law, be continued against France, so long as she shall continue her Decrees. II. That the Navy of Great Britain be authorised to aid in enforcing the provisions of the said Act of Congress.-III. That the United States shall explicitly renounce, during the present war, the right MR. JACKSON TO MR. SMITH. Washington, 11th Oct. 1809. SIR; I have had the honour of receiving your official letter of the 9th inst. towards the close of which you inform me, that it had been thought expedient to put an end to all verbal communications between yourself and me in discussing the important objects of my mission. Considering that a very few days have elapsed since I delivered to the President a credential letter from the King my Master, and that nothing has been even alledged to have occurred, to deprive me of the facility of access, and of the credit to which, according to immemorial usage, I am by that letter entitled, I believe there does not exist in the annals of diplomacy, a precedent for such a determination between two Ministers, who have met for the avowed purpose of terminating amicably the existing differences between their flection, I am induced to acquiesce in it by the recollection of the time that must necessarily elapse before I can receive his Majesty's commands upon so unexpected an occurrence, and of the detriment that would ensue to the public service, if my Ministerial functions were, in the in |