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96 people, tribuni plebis, officers first appointed in the fifth century before Christ to protect the liberties of the people. They were at first two in number, then five, and finally ten. Their persons were sacred, and they were clothed with great power. They might at any time, by their veto, arrest the action of the magistrates, or even of the senate. Their power was, however, greatly reduced by Sulla, but was afterward restored in the year 70 B. C.—Adulescentes. The tribunes were sometimes less than 30 years of age.

97

24. Summam, very great.

25. Ferox, impetuous.

28. Senatus specie, under a show of supporting the senate.-Pro sua magnitudine; the real motive.

30. Honestis nominibus, did so with a show of honorable motives. 31. Alii sicuti, etc.; the popular party.-Pars quo senatus; the senatorial party.

36. Bellum maritimum; i e., the war against the pirates who infested the Mediterranean Sea. It was brought to a close by Pompey 67 B. C.

37. Plebis... imminutae.

This was in consequence of the ab

sence of Pompey, the leader of the popular party.

1. Ei, ipsi; referring to paucorum.

2. Innoxii, unharmed.

3. Ceteros judiciis terrere, they terrified the others by prosecutions. -Qui; referring to ceteros.—In magistratu, while in office.

4. Placidius, too mildly.

5. Dubiis rebus, in the critical condition of affairs. Abl. Absol. 6. Eorum; referring to the popular party, ceteros.

7. Aequa manu; i. e., if it had been a drawn battle.

9. Ea uti, to enjoy it; i. e., the victory.-Quin qui plus, etc., without having some one who was more powerful wrest from them, etc. G. 498, 3.-Defessis, exhausted, as they would have been after such a struggle.

14. Parens necari. A Roman father was supreme in his own household, and exercised over his children the power of life and death. 16. Quoscumque. The omitted antecedent is the object of sollicitabat.

XL., XLI. The Allobroges, being solicited to join the Conspiracy, report the Case to the Government.

21. Allobrogum. The Allobroges were a warlike people of Gaul, who had been conquered by the Romans more than half a century be

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fore. The deputation here spoken of came to Rome to present certain 97 complaints against the provincial government.

22. Existimans; the object is facile eos, etc.; the grounds of the expectation are, 1) aere alieno oppressos, and 2) quod . . . bellicosa esset. 26. Eos noverat, knew them. G. 297, I. 2.

27. In foro; i. e. in the Roman forum. See view on the opposite page.

28. Ejus casum, its condition; ejus refers to civitatis.

29. Tantis malis; probably Abl. Absol.-Sperarent; G. 525. 30. Magistratum; i. e., of the Roman governors in their province. 31. Miseriis; Indirect Object of exspectare; render as if dependent upon remedium.

33. Ista, those of yours. G. 450.

34. Ubi dixit; G. 471, 4.

35. Ut misereretur; Subj. of Purpose.-Sui; G. 406.

36. Esse, depends upon a verb of saying implied in orare. 1.-Quod . essent; Subj. of Result. G. 500.

...

37. Dum, if only.-Aere; G. 425, 2, 2).

G. 530,

1. D. Bruti; the husband of Sempronia. He had taken no part in 98 the conspiracy.

2. Neque aliena, etc., suitable for the consultation. G. 399, 3, 3). 6. Innoxios, innocent; i. e., he named among the conspirators many who really had no part in the treasonable scheme.

7. Pollicitos operam suam, after they had promised their cooperation, especially by exciting insurrection among their own people.

8. In . . . habuere, were in doubt; lit., held it (i. e., the question quidnam ... caperent) in uncertainty.

11. Majores opes, etc.; the advantages to be gained by espousing the cause of the government against the conspirators.

13. Cujus patrocinio. Q. Fabius Sanga was the patron of the Allobroges, and as such was the regular medium of communication between them and the Roman government.

15. Studium conjurationis, zeal for the conspiracy. G. 393, 1. 17. Uti eos manifestos habeant; lit., that they should hold them convicted; i. e., should secure positive proof of their guilt.

XLII., XLIII. Doings of the Conspirators in the Mean Time.

20. Bruttio; adjective agreeing with agro.—Motus, a disturbance, an alarm.

21. Ante dimiserat. See chap. 27.

22. Cuncta simul, everything at the same time.

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23. Armorum, telorum. The former is the general word for arms, especially for defensive arms, while the latter denotes offensive weapons.—Portationibus; i. e., by carrying or transporting them from place to place, though some critics make the word refer simply to the act of carrying or wearing arms. See note on arma portari, p. 92, line 11. 26. Causa cognita, having investigated the case. G. 431, 2, (3). 27. Murena; subject of conjecerat to be supplied.

29. Ut videbantur magnis, large, as they appeared. The subject of videbantur is a pronoun referring to copiis.

30. Constituerant; G. 461, 4.—In agrum Faesulanum. There seems to be some mistake in this account of the plan of the conspirators, unless the ager Faesulanus here mentioned refers to some place near Rome, and not to Faesulae where Manlius was encamped; as we are told in chap. 36 that it was already known at Rome that Catiline had reached the camp of Manlius.

33. Eo signo, at that signal; Abl. of Time.

34. Conjurationis; by metonymy for conjuratorum.—Suum quisque negotium, every one his part; i. e., the part assigned him by the leaders.

35. Ea ea negotia.-Divisa = divisa esse.

37. Quo tumultu, that in the confusion; lit., by which tumult.

1. Parabantur. Observe the force of the Indicative. G. 527, 2. 3. Alius . . . alium, moreover, that one should attack one and another another.

6. Decreta, decisions.

8. Dies prolatando, by deferring action; lit, days; i. e., the days appointed from time to time for the execution of their plans.-Corrumpere, were wasting.

XLIV., XLV. Further Services of the Allobroges.

13. Ex praecepto Ciceronis, etc. See p. 98, line 14; Cicero praecipit ut ceteros adcant, etc.

14. Ceteros conveniunt, have an interview with the others.

15. Jus jurandum. This was to be in writing, and was to be given under the seals (signatum) of Lentulus and others.-Quod perferant; Subj. of Purpose.

17. Dant; supply jus jurandum.

18. Eo; i. e., into their country.

24. Fac cogites, consider; lit., make that you consider. G. 493, 2; 535, 1.

25. Memineris; Perfect Subj.; Present in signification. G. 297, I. 26. Rationes, interests.