6. Describe the construction and mode of using the rain gauge. What is approximately the greatest annual, daily, and hourly rainfall experienced in Melbourne?

7. What do you mean by velocity head, friction head, hydraulic grade, and vena contracta ?

8. How would you proceed to fix the position of a sunken rock some miles from the shore?

SURVEYING AND LEVELLING.

The Board of Examiners.

1. Describe carefully the method of adjusting the vertical axis of a transit theodolite.

Show the effect of an error of the vertical axis on your work, and point out cases where the error requires to be carefully guarded against.

2. Give a brief outline of the method to be followed in carrying out a survey of a mine approached by a shaft

(1)

When the shaft is vertical.

When it is inclined at 60° to the horizon.

3. A field is laid out in the form of a regular pentagon, each of whose sides measures 2,350 links, the temperature being 120° F. The chain is of standard length at 60° F. The western boundary is on the magnetic meridian, and the variation is 7° 30' E.

Plot the figure, and write on it the corrected lengths of the lines and their bearings referred to the true meridian.

4. Explain fully the method of forming the multipliers which are used in computing areas by the method of double areas.

Explain the case in which some of the multipliers become negative.

Apply the method of double areas to find the area of the block, as plotted, in question 3.

5. Reduce the following levels and apply the usual checks on the reduction:

Remarks.

Plot the section on scales 1 chain to 1 inch, and 4 feet to 1 inch, and run a grade line from A rising 1 in 50, showing on your section the formation and surface levels, and the depth of cutting or height of bank at every point.

CIVIL ENGINEERING.-PART I.

The Board of Examiners.

1. Show, by an imaginary example, how you would make your choice between a cheap structure requiring periodical renewal and constant maintenance, and a more costly one of indefinite durability.

2. Write a short essay upon borings and trial shafts.

3. Give all the information you can as to the properties, use and usual defects of the principal colonial timbers.

4. Show by detailed sketches the construction of one span of a timber railway bridge 20 feet high from the ground and 15 feet span.

5. Describe fully the appliances used, methods adopted and usual defects in rivetted girder work; also modes of testing such work.

6. Give a clear description, with sketches, of a rolling mill for making railway rails..

7. Discuss the properties, use and defects of bluestone, granite, Sydney freestone, and Oamaru lime

stone.

8. Write a short essay upon the properties and use of Portland cement concrete.

CIVIL ENGINEERING.-PART II.

The Board of Examiners.

1. What special methods would you adopt in order to make a good metalled road over an area of loose sand, and also over a swampy flat?

2. Write an essay upon kerbing and channelling in town streets, and illustrate your remarks by detailed sketches.

3. Describe, sketch, and discuss the arrangements of one of the engine houses of the Melbourne tramway system.

4. Describe the method of railway construction you would adopt on a branch line of railway about twenty miles long, running through the mountainous parts of Victoria, and having comparatively light traffic.

5. Make a diagrammatic sketch of one of the most powerful locomotives in use on the Victorian railways, giving the principal dimensions, steam pressure, and traction power.

6. What expedients are adopted as a safeguard against collisions on a single and a double line of railway. Describe two notable collisions on Victorian railways which these expedients failed to prevent, and comment upon them.

7. Describe fully, with sketches, the principal methods that have been adopted in the construction of breakwaters.

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING.

The Board of Examiners.

1. An engine of 200 horse-power is required to drive factory machinery, where the load is constantly varying, and a regular speed is necessary. Relate the several steps you would take in designing the

same.

2. Make sketches of the various parts of the above engine, giving approximate dimensions.

3. Draw the indicator diagram of the above engine when working with a full load, and explain the causes modifying its shape.

4. Describe briefly the various classes of gas engines. Sketch the indicator diagrams, and state which you consider the most efficient, giving any data you can in support of your opinion.

5. In what direction will inventors require to proceed in order to develop the gas engine? Give figures showing the proportion of energy now usefully employed, and the proportion lost in

various directions.

6. There is a stream with a minimum flow of 20 cubic feet per second and an available fall of 30 feet within 3 miles of your factory. How would you utilize it, and what proportion of the power would you expect to obtain?