THE MEDALS, JETONS, AND TOKENS ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE SCIENCE OF MEDICINE.

BY DR. HORATIO R. STORER, NEWPORT, R. I.

[Continued from Vol. XXIV, p. 18.]

THE following are the descriptions of the three medals, our Nos. 6, 7 and 8, of the University of Bishop's College, Montreal, of the existence of which I learned as the April number of the Journal, which contained the medical collegiate series of Canada, was going to press.

6. The Wood medal. Obverse. The University arms; a spade-shaped shield surmounted by mitre, and plicated bands. Within shield a cross, upon centre of which the open Scriptures. Beneath, a scroll, twice folded upon itself, with the legend: ROBORANTI Inscription: EPISCOPI Collegii de lennoxVILLE | MEDICINAE | FACULTAS | MONTE-REGIO

RECTI

CULTUS PECTORA

Reverse. Inscription: ORRINUS C. WOOD. M.D. DONAVIT Within field: (A space for name of recipient.) | ADJUDICATUM | SESSIO. (A space for the date.) In the specimen from which the description was taken the name was F. R. England, and the date 1884-85. Gold. 26. Edge of obverse richly chased.

For the description of this medal and a finely executed drawing of the obverse by Henry Birks & Co., of Montreal, I am indebted to Prof. A. Lapthorn Smith, M. D., Lecturer on Gynaecology in the University of Bishop's College. The medal is given annually to the student who having "attended at least two six months' sessions at the University, at the final examination has the highest number of marks on all the subjects of professional examination." Dr. Wood, its founder, was Professor of Chemistry in the faculty for five years, and then of Pathology for ten years longer.

7. The Robert Nelson medal. Obverse. The University arms as on preceding, but much enlarged. Inscription, in very heavy letters: UNIVERSITY OF BISHOPS COLLEGE | MEDICAL FACULTY.

Reverse. Inscription: ROBERT NELSON MEDAL Within field: AWARDED | FOR | SPECIAL EXAMINATION | IN | SURGERY Beneath, a half crown of laurel leaves, with fold of ribbon in centre. Gold (value $60). 28. Gold (value $60). 28. Edges milled.

The description and impressions of this medal I owe to Prof. Smith. He has also sent me photographs, which contain the additional inscription: TO | HEBER BISHOP, B.A. |— APRIL 1882 It is given annually for the best special examination in surgery, and is open for those who having "attended at least two six months' sessions at the college have taken honors in all the subjects."

Dr. Charles Eugene Nelson, the founder, is a resident of New York. His father, the late Dr. Robert Nelson, thus memorialized, one of the oldest and most beloved practitioners of Montreal, took a leading part in the rebellion of 1837-8.

8. The David medal. Similar to the preceding, save with the substitution of the word DAVID upon obverse, and upon the reverse, within the field: FOR BEST PRIMARY EXAMINATION Silver. Silver. 28.

To Prof. Smith I owe the above description. Dr. Aaron H. David was Professor of the Principles and Practice of Medicine for thirteen years, and was long Dean of the Medical Faculty. He deceased about six years since. In 1889 the Faculty established a scholarship in his remembrance, but it was subsequently decided to confer the medal instead. It is awarded to the student "obtaining the highest number of marks in the primary examinations."

The above three medals, had I known of them in season, would have been included also in the series of Personals, under the titles of Dr. Orrin C. Wood, Dr. Robert Nelson, and Dr. Aaron H. David, all of Montreal. The first of them, like the Starr medal of the University of Toronto, perpetuates the name of its founder; the

I It would seem that this verb should be in the singular.

second is a filial tribute to the memory of a parent, in this resembling the Sutherland of McGill University, by which a widow has honored the devotion of her husband to his professional labors; while the third, like the Holmes of McGill, places upon lasting record the fraternal esteem in which a teacher at the University has been held by his colleagues.

Since the July number of the Fournal, learning from the Calendar of Trinity Medical College, Toronto, that the University of Toronto had issued a medical medal besides that founded by the late Dr. Starr, I have succeeded in obtaining its description.

58. Obverse. Victory, to left, extending a wreath of laurel. Upon her left arm a leaf of palm. Inscription: ΜΗ ΛΗΓΟΙ ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΥΣΑ

Reverse. The name of recipient. Inscription, engraved: Universitas Torontonensis propter medicinam feliciter excultam. (This inscription is identical with a portion of that upon the Starr medal.) Gold, silver.

21.

The obverse alone is given by McLachlan, Amer. Jour. of Numis., April, 1882, p. 81, CCLXXIV; Ibid., Montreal, 1886, p. 67; Le Roux, p. 133, No. 746, fig.

The reverse of this very beautiful medal seems to have been unknown to Le Roux, and to have been omitted by McLachlan because engraved. I owe the description and an impression to the Registrar of the University, Mr. H. H. Langton, who has kindly sent them through Dr. J. Algernon Temple, M. R.C S. Eng., of Toronto. There were annually conferred one of the medals in gold and three in silver upon undergraduates obtaining the degree of M.B. with first class honors. They have now, however, been abolished by the Federation Act.

The two following, of the Ste. Anne de Beaupré series, have been found by Mr. McLachlan since the last number of the Journal.

59. Same size and general design as No. 26, but the right spire of the church is directly under the E in SAINTE, while in the other it is nearly under the A in ANNE. The eave of the roof touches below the second A in SANCTUAIRE, while in the other it is upon a level with the I.

18.

Of this I have an impression from Mr. McLachlan. It was unknown to Le Roux. 60. Same size and general design as No. 27. Upon obverse, the top of the porch to right of the church is opposite P in BEAUPRE, while in the other it is opposite Upon reverse the ornament under the figure is less deep. 18.

R.

Mr. McLaren has sent me an impression of this also. It was equally unknown to Le Roux. I have myself detected another, so slight however in variation that I do not separately number it. It is similar to No. 13, save that there the ENREGT was upon the obverse of the loop. In the present it is upon the reverse. This variety is unmentioned by either McLachlan or Le Roux. It is in my collection.

There are six others of the same series that have been struck since my previous descriptions. I owe these also to Mr. McLachlan's kindness.

61. Obverse. Within a circle, the new church, in an atmosphere of stars. Inscription: SANCTUAIRE DE SAINTE ANNE DE BEAUPRE

Reverse. Within similar circle, Ste. Anne standing, with the youthful Virgin in her arms; the remainder of the field filled with fleurs-de-lis. Inscription: O BONNE SAINTE ANNE PRIEZ POUR NOUS Tin. 14.

In my collection.

62. As preceding, but with floreated crucial margin, and maple leaves upon extremities of the cross and four dots at each angle. The inscriptions also occupy more space. Tin. 14. Of triple thickness to the last.

In my collection.

63.

As No. 62, but smaller. Tin. II.

In my collection.

64. As preceding, but with floreated crucial margin, as in No. 61. In the field there are neither stars nor fleurs-de-lis.

65. Obverse. Within a curved quadrilateral, the new church, surrounded by irregular stars. Inscription as the preceding, save STE for SAINTE. Two stars beneath the church.

Reverse. Within a similar space Ste. Anne seated, instructing the youthful Virgin, surrounded by similar stars. Beneath, an angelic head, with wings. Inscription as on preceding. save STE In exergue, M Of curved quadrilateral shape. Tin. 12. In my collection.

66. As preceding, but much smaller. One star beneath the church. Tin.
In my collection.

Devins and Bolton, Druggists, Montreal.

9.

67. Obverse. Within a beaded circle, the laureated head of Queen Victoria to left. Inscription: DOMINION OF CANADA | PROVINCE OF QUEBEC

Reverse. Within a beaded circle, USE | DEVINS' | VEGETABLE | -WORM | PASTILLES | | JULY. IST. | 1867. Inscription: + DEVINS & BOLTON. + | DRUGGISTS, MONTREAL Edges beaded. Copper. 18. 39 mm.

McLachlan omits the crosses before and after the name of the firm, the comma after DRUGGISTS, the dashes and dot after PASTILLES, and the dot after JULY. Le Roux in his figure repeats the last two of these errors, and in his description omits commas on both obverse and reverse. The Coin-dealers' Catalogues frequently spell the firm names incorrectly.

Weyl, loc. cit., No. 112; Sandham, loc. cit., p. 39, No. 95; McLachlan, Amer. Jour. of Numis., Jan., 1880, p. 76, LV; Ibid., Montreal, 1886, p. 14; Le Roux, Numismatic Atlas for Canada, p. 28, No. 98, fig. ; Ibid., Le Medaillier, etc., p. 192, No. 970, fig.

This I own. It was unknown to Neumann, and is very rare, having been the first issue of the kind after the Canadian Confederation, and promptly suppressed by Government under the new Coinage Act, because the device upon its obverse quite closely resembled that of the Canadian cents of 1858 and 1859. Its usual price, even in Canada, is stated by Le Roux to be a dollar. Sandham has affirmed that the suppressed consignment of these tokens, eight thousand in number, is still held by the Canadian Customs Department, and that they may yet be placed in circulation. This token I described in my paper upon the medals, etc., of obstetrics and gynaecology, in connection with those illustrative of the nursery, infancy and childhood.

68. DEVINS & | BOLTON | - | MONTREAL

This I own. Quite a number of Canadian coins, pennies, half pennies and Montreal bank tokens have appeared at American sales with the above counterstamp, which was employed after the suppression of the issue last described.

1 Mr. McLachlan has been good enough to send me the following additions and corrections to my previous descriptions.

"28 is a pattern piece. Only five or six specimens are known."

34. Mr. McLachlan is corrrect in having SE, there probably existing none of this type as described by Le Roux with STE.

35 has S. Anne, etc. The dots are large.

39 should read, 'reverse as 29,' etc.

It is not, how

shrine professing to engage in the healing art or in the miraculous, in the Montreal church.

"47. The name of the engraver is Bourne." 48. I previously stated that this, the alleged smaller of the two "Grothe" cholera medals, was admitted wholly upon the authority of Le Roux, and that its existence was denied by McLachlan. This gentleman now gives the following reasons for his opinion: "It is an error of Le Roux in placing his cuts. The obverses of his 632 and 634 have been transposed. If you will bring

40 should have the words 'du Pélérinage' after down the obverse of his 632, you will find it agree with

mine. The other medal, represented by the obverse of his 634 and the reverse of his 632, is a more modern medal struck about 1870 for children, sometimes called 'Enfants de Marie,' connected with the convents." If in the face of this evidence, Dr. Le Roux is unable to show cause to the contrary, it should be dropped from the list. I would add that through the fatality which sometimes accompanies the most careful proof reading, the date upon No. 12 was given as 1887, when it should have been 1877.

2 This Journal, April, 1872, p. 75.

ever, mentioned by McLachlan or by Le Roux in his very complete "Medaillier." Mr. R. J. Devins of Montreal, surviving partner of the firm, writes me as follows regarding this counterstamp. "When I was first in business, owing to the numerous and endless oddities of coins (coppers) then in circulation, I punched every one I got hold of with the words 'Devins & Bolton, Montreal.' I kept count up to eighteen hundred dollars, but did not give up stamping, and kept on until I had them about most all thus labelled."

It has been thought by some numismatists, even in Canada, that the tokens of Holloway of London, pennies and half pennies, of 1857 and 1858, "PILLS AND OINTMENT," were struck for the Canadian provinces. This, however, seems an error. They appear to have been issued for Australia, and in that case cannot be included in the special British North American series.

A. W. Burke, Toronto.

69. Obverse. Within two circles, the Western hemisphere, surrounded by the inscription: GLOBE · ELECTRIC Beyond outer circle, the inscrip

BATTERY

tion: ✶✶✶✶✶ PRICE $1.00 ***** | A. W. BURKE, TORONTO, ONT.

Reverse. Two laurel branches, fastened by a clasp. Above, a crown; upon base of which, HEALTH In field, two circles; within inner of which, upon an oblique parallelogram, with four stars above and below, ANTI MORBIFIC Edges milled. White metal. 24. Dies cut by Ellis.

Le Roux's description differs from his figure, by omitting in the former the dots after GLOBE and ELECTRIC, and substituting commas for the dots in the address upon the obverse, and by giving dots after the words upon reverse.

Le Roux, loc. cit., p. 183, No. 972, fig.

Mr. McLachlan writes me that this was intended to be struck in zinc, with a copper plug, and sold as a small battery to be placed in baths, but that none were so made.

C. E. A. Langlois, Toronto.

70. Obverse. In field, a crown. Inscription: c. E. A. | LANGLOIS

Reverse. DRINK | + | ST LEON | WATER Edges beaded. Brass. 12.

Le Roux, loc. cit., p. 183, No. 973, fig.

I learn from Mr. McLachlan that this was used in the Toronto branch of the St. Leon Water Company. Two glasses of water were sold for five cents, and this check was given to save the half cent, when only one glass was taken at the time.

As having connection with the medals of medicine must be mentioned certain "temperance" pieces which, as I have elsewhere stated, "directly recognize that it is wholly within the province of physicians to determine what beverages, and the amount of them which, shall be considered within the bounds allowable for the preservation of health." Some of these contain the pledge, with this restriction: "Unless for Medical or Religious purposes." Such are,

71. Torbay Total Abstinence Society, Newfoundland, 1879.

McLachlan, Amer. Jour. of Numis., Oct., 1884, p. 34, No. DXLIII; Ibid., Montreal, 1886, p. 116; Le Roux, loc. cit., No. 324, fig.

Newfoundland Total Abstinence Society.

McLachlan, Amer. Jour. of Numis., Oct., 1884, p. 34, No. DXLI; Ibid., Montreal, 1886, p. 116; Le Roux, loc. cit., No. 325, fig.

73. St. Johns (Newfoundland) Total Abstinence Society.

McLachlan, Amer. Jour. of Numis., Oct., 1884, p. 34, No. DXLII; Ibid., Montreal,

1886, p. 116; Le Roux, loc. cit., No. 326, fig.

Others have: "Except used Medicinally and by order of a Medical Man."

74. Halifax (N. S.) Roman Catholic Total Abstinence Society, 1841. McLachlan, Amer. Jour. of Numis., July, 1883, p. 17, No. CCCLXXX; Ibid., Montreal, 1886, p. 59; Le Roux, loc. cit., No. 476, fig.

I The Sanitarian, April, 1888, p. 351.