The application of coatings to one or more
sides of the paper at a location away from the paper machine.
Paper Machinery Industry As used in this report, this term refers
to producers of machinery and equipment used in the primary pulp and
papermaking process, from woodyard equipment to paper converting
equipment. In the U.S. Bureau of the Census definition, Standard
Industrial Classification Number 3554, the industry is known as
Paper Industries Machinery.
Press Section - The section of the paper machine which follows the
wet end. The press section normally consists of two or more presses
which further dewater the sheet and equalize the surface
characteristics of the felt and wire sides of the sheet.
Pulpstock - Fibrous material such as woodchips or recycled paper
which is blended with fillers, dyes, additives, and sizing materials
into a slurry from the pulp is made.
A device, containing knives and similar to a chipper,
used to slice oversize or irregular chips into a size suitable for
cooking in the digester. Knots, shives, and other unusable fiber is
normally burned in a boiler.
A large shaft located at the dry end of the machine on which
the paper is first wound after leaving the dryer section.
Refiner A machine containing disks or plates, which by rubbing,
abrasive, or macerating action prepares cellulose suspended in water
for formation into a paper web on a paper machine. At present most
refiners are either disc or double-disc refiners.
A form of steam supply connection designed
to remove condensate from out of paper dryer drums and other similar
equipment, or to get steam into rotary digesters.
A specially designed piping system designed to
scoop condensate from the inside of rotating paper machine dryer
drums and to remove it through a rotating pressure joint.
Screen Screens are used at several different stages in the pulp or
papermaking process. Chipscreens and knotters are used to remove
oversized woodchips, slivers, and sawdust prior to pulping of the
chips. Later on the pulpstock itself is screened to remove slivers,
shives, and coarse fibers, or incompletely defibered material.
A cutting machine, mounted on a rewinder, which cuts large
paper rolls into rolls of narrower width.
A box with a perforated top over which the fourdrinier
Induced suction within the box removes water from the
sheet which is in formation on the fourdrinier wire.
(APPENDIX B CONT.)
Supercalender - A calender stack used to provide additional gloss,
smoothness, or density to paper. The supercalender roll stacks are
alternately chilled cast iron rolls or cotton or paper filled rolls.
The supercalender is generally considered as distinct from the paper
machine, and is customarily offered as a separate bid from the paper
machine sections.
A modification of the fourdrinier first introduced in
the 1950s in which a web former is placed on top of the existing
fourdrinier.
An increasingly popular modification of a fourdrinier
configured so that the paper web is formed between two wires. (See
picture in text.)
The initial section of the fourdrinier, prior to the press
Wet-Lap Machine - A machine used to fold partially dewatered pulp
into large folded sheets (laps) either for storage or transportation
to a buyer of market pulp.
Winder The machine which winds the paper coming from the paper
machine reel onto to a roll. When a second winder is used, usually
in conjunction with a slitter, it is called a rewinder. The winder
or rewinders are also normally considered a separate bid item on
paper machine contracts.
Yankee Dryer - A cylinder dryer consisting of one very large steam
heated cylinder instead of many smaller ones. The cylinder is
usually between 10 and 18 feet in diameter. The yankee dryer is
used to make tissue, toweling, crepe wadding, and other lightweight
sheets. 1
1 For dictionary definitions of these and other industry-rešated
terms see: The Dictionary of Paper, American Paper Institute, New
York, 1980 and Lavigne, John R., Pulp & Paper Dictionary,
Miller-Freeman Publishers, San Francisco, 1986.
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1989/242-310/04013
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