false prophet of the Arabs, born at Mecca, in Arabia, whence he fled to Medina. 49. P. 55. Additional Latin pronouns: 1. Quis, quæ, quid or quod? G. Cujus, &c., who or what? (Interrogative.) 2. Quis, qua, quid or qui, quæ, quod, any one. (Indefinite.) one. 4. Quivis, quævis, quodvis or quidvis. G. Cujusvis, any one. 6. Quicunque, quæcunque, quodcuncue. G. Cujuscunque, who 7. Quisnam, quænam, quidnam or quodnam. G. Cajusnam, 8. Quisquis, Neut. quicquid. Abl. Quoquo, who or whatsoever. 12. Aliquis, aliqua, aliquod or aliquid, alicujus, some one. 15. Unusquisque, unaquæque, unumquodque or unumquidque. 16. Uterque, utraque, utrumque. G. Utriusque, each of two. rius utrius, either of two. 50. P. 5, l. 14. Egomet I myself. The syllable "met" is added to the pronouns ego, tu, sui. 51. P. 57, 1. 10. Cato Uticensis, Cato of Utica, so called because Utica, a city of Africa. Neque eo minus, and none the less. he killed himself at 52. P. 57, 1. 33. 53. P. 57, 1. 37. Homini by man. participles. 54. P. 58, 1. 28. Dative of the agent, after Ne, of forbidding, is used with imperatives and subjunctives (do not — ). 55. P. 58, 1. 3. Ne, after verbs of exhorting, entreating, &c. is to be rendered, that—not. 56. P. 59, 1. 16. Necne, or not. 57. P. 60, 1. 37. Opitulandum est, we must assist. Neuter verbs are thus used impersonally in the gerundive form to express duty or necessity, 58. P. 62, l. 8. Cladem Varianam, the defeat of Varus, who was slain by the Germans. 59. P. 62, 1. 25. 60. P. 62, 1. 38. 61. P. 63, 1. 1. 62. P. 63, 1. 3. Sese invicem, one another. Plures annos, several years. Ne joco quidem, not even in jest. Ne-quidem, not even, is used with the emphatic word or words between ne and quidem. 63. P. 63, 1. 18. 64. P. 71, 1. 14. Stratum, saddle. Annos. The time during which something lasts is put generally in the accusative case: sometimes in the ablative. See 1. 33. 65. P. 72, 1. 15. Censum, the census. This was an enrolment of the citizens according to their rank and fortune, which took place every five years at Rome. 66. P. 73, 1. 2. 67. P. 73, 1. 7. 68. P. 73, 1. 19. Hac causa, on this account. Quo pacto, by what means. The subject nominative of the verb emollit is the clause, ingenuas didicisse fideliter artes. "Aliquando infinitivus, vel continuata locutio, pro nominativo ponitur." 69. B. 73, 1. 20. Quia voluptas sit, because it is pleasure. When the Conjunctive mood is truly subjunctive (that is to say, subjoined to governing conjunctions or relative pronouns), it often has the same sign as the Indicative: as, 70. P. 73, 11. 25, 26. Omnibus, all men. Sacra, &c. sacred things, &c. See First Rules of construing and parsing. B. Obs. 2. 71. P. 74, 1. 3. Homine libero, of a liberal man. Dignus, indignus, govern an ablative case with the sign, of. Of is generally the sign of a genitive case; as, Rex Romanorum, king of the Romans amans pacis, fond of peace: nonnulli militum, some of the soldiers. Sometimes it is the sign of an ablative, as above, and when the ablative expresses quality; as, Vir nulla fide, a man of no honour. After numerals, partitive words, comparatives, and superlatives, it is sometimes expressed by de, e, ex: as, Pauci ex militibus, a few of the soldiers. When of, with the name of a place, follows the name of a person, an adjective must be used: as, Epaminondas of Thebes, Epaminondas Thebanus. Of, when it means concerning, is generally expressed by de; as, De te loquitur, he speaks of you. 72. P. 74, 1. 7. Illi circa pectus (to him round the breast), round his breast. The dative case is thus often used where in English a genitive case is required. 73. P. 74, 1. 14. Tam-quam, so—as. These are called correlatives: others of which are Talis-qualis, such—as. Tantus-quantus, so great (as great)-as. Tot-quot, so many (as many)—as. 74. P. 74, 1. 15. Facilius, more easily. Facile, facilius, facillime. See C. L. Primer, p. 89, note. 75. P. 74, 1. 21. Custode rerum Cæsare, Cæsar being guardian of affairs. L. 33. Ponte reciso, the bridge having been cut down. A substantive with a participle, sometimes with an adjective or another substantive, stands in the ablative case, which is called absolute. 76. P. 47, 1. 27. Consul iterum (consul again), in his second consulship. Illustrious Romans were sometimes elected to the consulship two, three, or more times. 77. P. 74, 1. 33. Tiberim. Accusative of Tiberis, the Tiber. Names of rivers in is, with vis, tussis, sitis, and some others, make the accusative in im, and ablative in i. 78. P. 75, 1. 6. Si quam injuriam acceperat, if he had received any wrong. Quam is from the indefinite qui, any. 79. P. 75, 1. 9. Egroto corpore, from the sick body. Corpore is governed by de in deduxit. Some prepositions govern the same case in composition which they govern out of it. 80. P. 75, 1. 2. Ratione uti. The verbs fungor, fruor, utor, vescor, govern the ablative case. 81. P. 76, 1. 15. Fugiat, let him shun. The present conjunctive is also used for the imperative mood; as, Act. Amem, may I love, or let me love. Ament, may they love, or let them love. 82. P. 76, 1. 12. Stygias ad undas, to the waves of Styx. Styx was one of the fabulous rivers of Hell. 83. P. 76, 1. 15. Apollinis Delphici, of the Delphian Apollo. Apollo had a famous temple and oracle at Delphi, in Greece. 84. P. 76, 1. 23. Hoc horridiore aspectu, of so much the more frightful appearance. 85. P. 77, 1. 17. Omnem suam esse terram, that all the land was theirs. An accusative case and infinitive mood follows very many verbs, especially those of feeling and declaring. 86. P. 80, 1. 38. 87. P. 82, 1. 2. In medium, for a common stock. Ante hos sex menses, six months ago. FIRST RULES OF Construing and Parsing. A. As every independent Sentence must have 1. A Verb in a Proper Mood, expressed or understood; 2. A Subject in the Nominative Case, expressed or understood, with which the Verb agrees (see Primer, p. 87. Note 2.); so observe more particularly : (a) A Substantive may have any of these Adjuncts: (1) Adjectives agreeing with it; (2) Substantives in apposition to it; (3) A Genitive governed by it; (4) A Preposition and Case depending on it. (b) An Adjective may have any of these Adjuncts: (1) An Adverb qualifying it; (2) Cases governed by it; (3) A Preposition and Case depending on it. (c) A Verb may have any of these Adjuncts: (1) An Adverb qualifying it; (2) Cases governed by it; (3) Prepositions (with their Cases) depending on it; B. Therefore, in order to construe a simple Sentence: |