ing may be added here, denoting the family of the occupier: not properly a local suffix, but the common A.S. patronymic. OVING. 2 164 It will be seen by the foregoing List that the suffixes of occupation, as I have called them, constitute more than one-half of the whole number, 164 to 151. Of the suffixes enumerated, 46 in all, only 8 occur frequently enough to run into double figures. These are the following, with their respective percentages: about 20 per cent. of the whole. ton These notes must conclude with queries; for a few names remain whose endings do not fall under any of the above headings. I have already suggested that " Penn " and " Frieth " may be Celtic survivals, as well as "KIMBLE," and have raised the question of the origin of Speen without answering it. 66 What is the meaning of the terminations of Radnage;" of DATCHET (DACETA); of "Skirmett" (in Hambleden); and of "Dropshort " (in Fenny Stratford) ? What of "Meadle," and "Whiteleaf" (in Monks Risborough) ? "Willen" appears to have been variously spelt. Can it be a plural form Wells? Is "Nash" a corruption of "an Ash?" or is it connected with the neighbouring "Nasbury" in Whaddon Chase ? ADDITIONAL NOTE.-On the termination "port," whether derived from "portus" (harbour) or "porta (gate) see Professor Maitland's "Domesday Book and beyond," Cambridge University Press, 1897, from which the following is an extract:- 66 “When in the laws this third feature is to be made prominent, [viz., a place in which a market is held,] "the burh is spoken of as a port. The word port was applied to inland towns. To this usage of it "the portmoot or portmanmoot, that in after days we may find in boroughs far from the coast, bears abiding testimony. On the other hand, except on the seaside, "this word has not become part of many English placenames. (3). If, as seems probable, it is the Latin portus "we apparently learn from the use made of it that at one time the havens. were the only known spots 66 66 " 'where there was much buying and selling. (1)." "(3) Stockport, Langport, Amport, Newport-Pagnell, Milborne Port, Littleport are instances. But a very small river might be sufficient to make a place a haven." "(1) Seemingly, if this O.E. port is not Lat. portus, it is Lat. porta, and there is some fascination about the suggestion that the burh-geat, or in modern German the Burg-gasse, in which the "market was held, was described in Latin as porta burgi. . . . . "But what we have to account for is the adoption of port as an English word, and if our ancestors might have used geat, they "need not have borrowed. Dr. Stubbs (Const. Hist. i. 439) "gives a weighty vote for porta." pp. 195-196. The passage referred to in Dr. History will be found at p. 404. Stubbs' Constitutional (Ed. 1874). NOTE 2.-"The word port in portreeve is the Latin "porta' (not portus) where the markets were held, "and, although used for the city generally, seems to refer to it specially in its character of a mart or city of merchants." CECIL F. J. BOURKE. KIMBLE. The association of the name of Kimble with Cunobelinos is not a recent supposition. Camden says: "Kymbel (great and little) are supposed to take the name from Cunobeline King of the Britains, the places being also in ancient records written Cunebel. And this, together with several trenches and fortifications in these parts, confirms the notion that this county [Bucks] was the seat of the action wherein the two sons of Cunobeline were slain, and from hence they might probably retire to give battle to Aulus Plautius. Camden's Britannia, edited by Gibson, 3 Edition, Vol. I., pp. 329-330. Cunobelinos, the Cymbeline of Shakspear, styled himself on some coins rex. He appears to have been king over the powerful tribe known as the Catuvelauni, called, by Camden, the Cattieuchlani. Their kingdom extended over the three counties of Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, and Hertfordshire, and farther still, as Camulodunon or Colchester appears by his coins to have been the capital of Cunobelinos, as Verlamion or Verulam, near St. Albans, was the capital of his father, known by the Latinized name of Tasciovanus. By making Camulodunon his capital, it is manifest that Cunobelinos had successfully invaded the Trinovantes, and made his seat of government in the heart of their country. The Catuvelauni, Professor Rhys says, may be regarded as the Mercians of those days, a supposition aptly illustrated by the fact that they chose to call themselves by a name meaning battle rulers or war kings. It should be remarked that the Catuvelauni had a coinage, and this fact assists in distinguishing to some degree the boundaries of the tribe (see Professor Rhys' Celtic Britain, 2nd Edition, Catuvelauni). In Domesday Great Kimble is called. Chenebella; the Manor belonged to Walter Giffard. Little Kimble is called in the survey Parva Chenebelle, the Manor being held by Turstin Fitz Rolf. earthworks at Kimble commanding the Icknield-way indicate that this was a spot of strategic importance in early times, but the tradition that they were formed by Cunobelinos is, of course, mere conjecture. The PENN appears clearly to be of Celtic origin, indicating a head or eminence. FRIETH. Mr. A. H. Cocks writes that " Frieth was till quite recently known as The Frieth," and suggests that "it may be the same Celtic word as Ffridd, a name used in Denbighshire for a pasture, a piece of grass land reclaimed from the Moor, and that the Frieth may indicate an enclosure from the Forest." If the word is of Saxon origin, is it possible that this name is derived from the Saxon Frid-Frið-gear, a peace inclosure, a refuge or settlement outside of the Forest? WHITELEAF. See Mr. E. J. Payne's paper on "Whitecliff Cross" (Records of Bucks, Vol. VII., p. 559, et seq.), in which cogent reasons are given for believing that Whiteleaf has been substituted for Whitecliff. LOUDWATER. Langley, in his "Hundred of Desborough," has the following note at p. 273:-" I have reason to think that my conjecture respecting Lede being the ancient Manorial appellation of Hedsor is erroneous. Lede was more probably part of Wooburn parish called now Lude, the Lude farm, and Loudwater. There was a family of this name who resided there, among whom occurs John de la Luda, Member for Wycombe." John de la Luda was Member for Wycombe at the Parliament at Westminster 28 Edw. I. in the place of Stephen Ayott, being infirm. With reference to other names referred to in the text, one is reminded in the name SPEEN of the Speen in Berkshire, the spine on the high road to Aqua Solis, Bath. RADNAGE was known in early documents as Radenach or Rodenache (see Dugdale's Mon. : Vol. II., 975). Hatch or ache is a common suffix in the neighbourhood of ancient forests, signifying a place on the boundaries of the forest. These editorial notes, it will be seen, only touch on some of the names referred to in the text, and are capable of much amplification.J. P. AN ACCOUNT OF THE CHURCH OF ST. MARY AT TURVILLE, BUCKS, AND OF ITS RECENT RESTORATION AND ENLARGEMENT. The village of Turville stands at the head of the Hambleden Valley, close to the Oxford border, 8 miles north-east of Henley, and 7 miles north-west of Marlow; it lies among the chalk hills of the Chilterns, surrounded by beautiful beech woods for which this part of the county of Bucks is famous. The inhabitants, numbering about 100, are chiefly occupied in turning chair legs and rails for the Wycombe chair factories. village is intersected by the road leading from North End to Fingest and Hambleden, and in addition to the Church, Vicarage, and School, comprises about twenty cottages, built largely of brick and flint walls with tiled roofs; there are also some examples of half-timber work to be seen. The The Church, dedicated to St. Mary, is a very interesting specimen of a small country Church, broad and simple in character, and of good proportions. It now consists of a Nave with a small north aisle, Chancel, Tower, Vestry, Heating Chamber, and south Porch; the internal dimensions of the various parts are as follows: Length. Width. Height. Nave 43ft. Oin. by 18ft. Chamber 9 in. 26ft. 6in. to apex of 9in. 12ft. 6in. to ceiling. 5in. 16ft. 6in. to ceiling. 7in. 17ft. Oin. first floor. Oin. 13ft. 6in. Oin. Porch 9ft. 6in. by 8ft. 10in. Seating accommodation is provided for 120 adults, the distribution being 96 in the nave, 9 in the chancel, and 15 in the aisle. The Fabric possesss features of the principal Gothic periods of English architecture. Of Norman work there |