nae ut in te hac via grassaremur. Mea prima sors fuit; 16 ceteri, utcumque ceciderit primo, quoad te opportunum fortuna dederit, suo quisque tempore aderunt.' Mucium dimissum, cui postea Scaevolae a clade dex- 13 trae manus cognomen inditum, legati a Porsinna Romam secuti sunt: adeo moverat eum et primi periculi casus, 2 quo nihil se praeter errorem insidiatoris texisset, et subeunda dimicatio totiens quot coniurati superessent, ut pacis condiciones ultro ferret Romanis. Iactatum in con- 3 dicionibus nequiquam de Tarquiniis in regnum restituendis, magis quia id negare ipse nequiverat Tarquiniis quam quod negatum iri sibi ab Romanis ignoraret. De agro 4 Veientibus restituendo impetratum, expressaque necessitas obsides dandi Romanis, si Ianiculo praesidium deduci vellent. His condicionibus composita pace exercitum ab Ianiculo deduxit Porsinna et agro Romano excessit. Patres C. Mucio virtutis causa trans Tiberim agrum 5 dono dedere, quae postea sunt Mucia prata appellata. Ergo ita honorata virtute feminae quoque ad publica 6 'I will say,' etc.- trecenti, etc., there are three hundred of us, etc. grassaremur: the word gives the idea of secret assassination; cf. grassator, cut-throat. 16. utcumque, etc., however the first may fare; i.e. 'whether I am killed or not.' OFFERS OF PEACE. FEAT AND 13. Scaevolae: diminutive from scaeva (sc. manus). —legati: here, though used as a noun, this word has the construction of a participle, hence a Porsinna; cf. Gr. 494. a. 2. moverat eum, was he affected, to preserve the emphasis; for tense, see Gr. 476. N. — casus, the result; i.e. the narrow chance by which he 3. nequiquam, without effect. — ignoraret: see Gr. 540. N. 3. 4. de agro, etc. this subject has not been mentioned before, but the reference is doubtless to the lands described in I. 15. 5 and 33. 9. — impetratum: opposed to nequiquam above. - Romanis: after expressa, all ambiguity being removed by the context. - vellent: representing a vultis of direct discourse, the protasis of obsides dandi sunt in the words of Porsena. his condicionibus, etc. : a much more serious subjection of Rome to the king is here glossed over; cf. decora excitatae. Et Cloelia virgo, una ex obsidibus, cum castra Etruscorum forte haud procul ripa Tiberis locata essent, frustrata custodes, dux agminis virginum inter tela hostium Tiberim tranavit, sospitesque omnes 7 Romam ad propinquos restituit. Quod ubi regi nuntiatum est, primo incensus ira oratores Romam misit ad Cloeliam obsidem deposcendam ; alias haud magni facere: 8 deinde in admirationem versus supra Coclites Muciosque dicere id facinus esse, et prae se ferre, quem ad modum, si non dedatur obses, pro rupto foedus se habiturum, sic deditam intactam inviolatamque ad suos remissurum. 9 Vtrimque constitit fides: et Romani pignus pacis ex foedere restituerunt, et apud regem Etruscum non tuta solum sed honorata etiam virtus fuit, laudatamque virginem parte obsidum se donare dixit; ipsa quos vellet Io legeret. Productis omnibus elegisse impubes dicitur, quod et virginitati decorum et consensu obsidum ipsorum probabile erat eam aetatem potissimum liberari ab I hoste, quae maxime opportuna iniuriae esset. Pace redintegrata Romani novam in femina virtutem novo Tac. Hist. III. 72, Dion. V. 35 and 65, Plin. N. H. XXXIV. 139. 6. Romam ad propinquos: see Gr. 428. j, and 363. 1. 7. facere: see Gr. 580. a. 8. supra Coclites: cf. 'hair fairer than the Graces,' a form of speech common in all languages. dicere historical infinitive. dedatur: for dedetur (or deditur used as equivalent to it) of the direct. habiturum: see Gr. 583. b. N. -deditam: a shorthand way of expressing the opposite condition; cf. Gr. 496. 9. constitit, was kept. 10. decorum: it would be less modest in her to select young men. consensu, etc.: the forced an tithesis is noticeable; on the one hand, the girl herself, implied in virginitati, and on the other her companions in misfortune, each of whom would like to be chosen. The antithesis is made formal by opposing the feelings of the girl to the approval of the others. -probabile, approved; as the passive participle is often equivalent to the verbal in -bilis, so also sometimes the verbal is not unlike the participle in meaning, but with the sug gestion of the action being natural or expected. 11. in (femina), in the case of, as often with in.- summa, etc.: near veterem portam Palatii (I. 12. 3).- fuit posita: this form genere honoris, statua equestri, donavere: in summa Sacra via fuit posita virgo insidens equo. Huic tam pacatae profectioni ab urbe regis Etrusci ab- 14 horrens mos, traditus ab antiquis, usque ad nostram aetatem inter cetera sollemnia manet, bona Porsinnae regis vendendi. Cuius originem moris necesse est aut inter a bellum natam esse neque omissam in pace, aut a mitiore crevisse principio quam hic prae se ferat titulus bona hostiliter vendendi. Proximum vero est ex iis quae tra- 3 duntur, Porsinnam discedentem ab Ianiculo castra opulenta convecto ex propinquis ac fertilibus Etruriae arvis commeatu Romanis dono dedisse, inopi tum urbe ab longinqua obsidione; ea deinde, ne populo immisso diri- 4 perentur hostiliter, venisse, bonaque Porsinnae appellata, gratiam muneris magis significante titulo quam auctionem fortunae regiae, quae ne in potestatem quidem populi Romani esset. Omisso Romano bello Porsinna, ne frustra in ea loca! ought to mean was there once,' but not in Livy's time; Seneca, however, speaks of it (ad Marc. 16. 2) as still existing. 14. profectioni: the dative with abhorreo is peculiar to this place, and the ablative without a preposition is not common. It may be a kind of construction according to the sense. cetera sollemnia: i.e. those used at public sales of booty. bona, etc.: a part of the booty was apparently so described at the sale. 2. omissam: attracted to agreement with originem, though it, as well as crevisse, belongs with moris. titulus: the notice of sale in which the property to be sold was enumerated. - hostiliter: i.e. as the property of an enemy, opposed to the peaceable character of the settlement of affairs as described; cf. the same word in 4. Of course the whole story has been entirely made over, and the custom may have originated in a grim joke like 'catching a Tartar.' But in Livy's time they doubtless believed in the varnished account of the Etruscan wars. 4. ea: i.e. the castra, meaning the property left therein. — fortunae curiously like our own use of 'fortune' for large possessions. in potestatem: a construction with esse peculiar to this phrase; see Gell. I. 7. 16. esset: indirect discourse after significante; see Gr. 592. 2. 5. ne frustra, etc., the power of Etruria, no doubt, spread over the whole of Latium after the conquest of Rome, and this occupation is exercitus adductus videretur, cum parte copiarum filium 6 Arruntem Ariciam oppugnatum mittit. Primo Aricinos res necopinata perculerat. Arcessita deinde auxilia et a Latinis populis et a Cumis tantum spei fecere, ut acie decernere auderent. Proelio inito adeo concitato impetu se intulerant Etrusci ut funderent ipso incursu Aricinos. 7 Cumanae cohortes, arte adversus vim usae, declinavere paululum effuseque praelatos hostes conversis signis ab tergo adortae sunt ; ita in medio prope iam victores caesi 8 Etrusci. Pars perexigua duce amisso, quia nullum propius perfugium erat, Romam inermes et fortuna et specie supplicum delati sunt. Ibi benigne excepti divisique in 9 hospitia. Curatis vulneribus alii profecti domos nuntii hospitalium beneficiorum, multos Romae hospitum urbisque caritas tenuit. His locus ad habitandum datus, quem deinde Tuscum vicum appellarunt. hinted at in the metamorphosed narrative. Aricia (cf. I. 50. 3), with the help of the Greek colony of Cumæ, seems to have stayed their advance. 6. perculerat : cf. consalutaverat, I. 7. I n, and intulerant, below. - arcessita, etc.: the emphasis gives the force, but having received upon application assistance from their neighbors, they ventured,' etc. - funderent, etc.: notice the chiastic antithesis. This is the more necessary because to us at first sight Aricinos seems the emphatic word. But a careful examination shows that funderent is the main word, of which the antithetic idea is postponed in chiastic fashion to the end. 7. declinavere: i.e. withdrew to one side, and let the enemy go by them in their onward rush (praelatos). — conversis signis: i.e. after the enemy had gone by, they wheeled and attacked them. Spurius Larcius inde et P. Valerius Publicola con- 15 sules facti. Eo anno postremum legati a Porsinna de reducendo in regnum Tarquinio venerunt. Quibus cum responsum esset missurum ad regem senatum legatos, missi confestim honoratissimus quisque e patribus: non 2 quin breviter reddi responsum potuerit, non recipi reges, ideo potius delectos patrum ad eum missos quam legatis eius Romae daretur responsum, sed ut in perpetuum mentio eius rei finiretur, neu in tantis mutuis beneficiis in vicem animi sollicitarentur, cum ille peteret quod contra libertatem populi Romani esset, Romani, nisi in perniciem suam faciles esse vellent, negarent cui nihil ness for those who dealt in materials for luxury and dissipation. The reason for the name here given is probably not the true one. It was more likely the place of Tuscan merchandise. THIRD YEAR OF THE REPUBLIC. PEACE WITH PORSENA. 15. Sp. Larcius, etc. the text is here so confused in the manuscripts that the names of the consuls cannot be made out with certainty. That Publicola was one of them is inferred from 16. 2. — honoratissimus quisque : indicating a large and imposing embassy, not two or three envoys. 2. breviter: i.e. without sending the embassy to say what they had already determined on. — potuerit: representing a potuit (independent of the quin construction); see Gr. 517. c; it is not necessary to suppose a protasis in all these cases, but the construction is the same as if there were one. For connection of tenses, see Gr. 485. c. N. 2; the proper posset would not represent the perfect, which is required in this construction. For the quin construction, see Gr. 540. N. 3. - |