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sin and misery P, into which they fell by the breach of the first covenant, commonly called the Covenant of Works ; but of his mere love and mercy delivereth his elect out of it, and bringeth them into an estate of salvation by the second covenant, commonly called the Covenant of Grace". Q. 31. With whom was the covenant of grace made?

A. The covenant of grace was made with Christ as the second Adam, and in him with all the elect as his seed". Q. 32. How is the grace of God manifested in the second covenant?

A. The grace of God is manifested in the second covenant, in that he freely provideth and offereth to sinners a Mediator', and life and salvation by him; and requiring

30. p 1 Thess. v. 9. For God hath not appointed us to wrath; but to obtain salvation by our Lord Jesus Christ.

q Gal. iii. 10. For as many as are of the works of the law are under the curse for it is written, Cursed is eve ry one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them. Ver. 12. And the law is not of faith; but, The man that doeth them shall live in them.

Tit. iii. 4. But after that the kindness and love of God our Saviour toward man appeared, Ver. 5. Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost; Ver. 6. Which he shed on us abundantly, through Jesus Christ our Saviour: Ver. 7. That being justified by his grace, we should be made heirs according to the hope of eternal life. Gal. iii. 21. Is the law then against the promises of God? God forbid: for if there had been a law given which could have given life, verily righteousness should have been by the law. Rom. iii. 20. Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin. Ver. 21. But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets; Ver. 22. Even the righteousness of God,

which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe; for there is no difference.

31. s Gal. iii. 16. Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made. He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to thy seed, which is Christ. [Rem. v. 15. to the end.] Isa. liii. 10. Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. Ver. 11. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquities.

32. Gen. iii. 15. And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed: it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. Isa xlii. 6. I the Lord have called thee in righteousness, and will hold thine hand, and will keep thee, and will give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles. John vi. 27. Labour not for the meat which perisheth, but for that meat which endureth unto everlasting. life, which the Son of man shall give unto you: for him hath God the Father. sealed.

u 1. John v. 11. And this is the record, that God hath given to us eternal life; and this life is in his Son.

faith as the condition to interest them in him ", pros miseth and giveth his Holy Spirit to all his elect, to work in them that faith, with all other saving graces; and to enable them unto all holy obedience ; as the evidence of the truth of their faith and thankfulness to God, and as the way which he hath appointed them to salvation".

Q. 33. Was the covenant of grace always administered after one and the same manner?

A. The covenant of grace was not always administered after the same manner, but the administrations of it under the Old Testament were different from those under the New .

Q. 34. How was the covenant of grace administered under the Old Testament?

A. The covenant of grace was administered under the

Ver. 12. He that hath the Son hath life: and he that hath not the Son of God hath not life.

w John iii. 16. For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. John i. 12. But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name.

Prov. i. 23. Behold, I will pour out my Spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you.

y 2 Cor. iv. 13. We having the same spirit of faith, according as it is written, I believed, and therefore have I spoken: we also believe, and therefore speak.

2 Gal. v. 22. But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, long-suffering, gentleness, goodness, faith, Ver. 23. Meekness, temperance: against such there is no law.

a Ezek. xxxvi. 27. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them.

b James ii. 18. Yea, a man may say, Thou hast faith, and I have works: shew me thy faith without thy works, and I will shew thee my faith by my works. Ver. 22. Seest

thou how faith wrought with his works; and by works was faith made perfect?

c 2 Cor. v. 14. For the love of Christ constraineth us; because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead : Ver. 15. And that he died for all, that they which live should not henceforth live unto themselves, but unto him which died. for them, and rose again.

d Eph. ii. 10. For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained that we should walk in them.

33 e 2 Cor. iii. 6 Who also hath made us able ministers of the new testament; not of the letter, but of the Spirit: for the letter killeth, but the Spirit giveth life. Ver. 7. But if the ministration of death, written and engraven in stones, was glorious, so that the children of Israel could not sted-. fastly behold the face of Moses, for the glory of his countenance, which glory was to be done away; Ver. 8. How shall not the ministration of the Spirit be rather glorious? Ver. 9. For if the ministration of condemnation be glory, much more doth the ministration of righteousness exceed in glory.

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Old Testament, by promises, prophecies 5, sacrifices, circumcision, the passover, and other types and ordinances, which did all fore-signify Christ then to come, and were for that time sufficient to build up the elect in faith in the promised Messiah', by whom they then had full remission of sin, and eternal salvation m.

Q. 35. How is the covenant of grace administered under the New Testament?

A. Under the New Testament, when Christ the substance was exhibited, the same covenant of grace was and still is to be administered in the preaching of the word ", and the administration of the sacraments of baptism and the Lord's supper P;

34 f Rom. xv. 8. Now I say, that Jesus Christ was a minister of the circumcision for the truth of God, to confirm the promises made unto the fathers.

g Acts iii. 20. And he shall

send

Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you. Ver. 24. Yea, and all the prophets from Samuel, and those that follow after, as many as have spoken, have likewise foretold of these days.

b Heb. x. 1. For the law having a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image of the things, can never with those sacrifices, which they offered year by year continually, make the comers thereunto perfect.

i Rom. iv. 11. And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had, yet being uncircumcised: that he might be the father of all them that believe, though they be not circumcised; that righteousness might be im puted unto them also.

k-l Cor. v. 7. Purge out therefore the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For even Christ our passover is sacrificed for

us.

[Heb. Chapters viii,ix. and x.] Heb. xi. 13. These all died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them afar off, and were persuaded of them, and embraced them, and confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth.

m Gal. iii, 7. Know ye therefore, that they which are of faith, the same are the children of Abraham. Ver. 8. And the scripture foreseeing that God would justify the heathen through faith, preached before the gospel unto Abraham, saying, In thee skall all nations be blessed. Ver. 9. So then they which be of faith are blessed with faithful Abraham. Ver. 14. That the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith.

35, n Mark xvi. 15. And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every crea

ture.

o Matt. xxviii. 19. Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: Ver. 20. Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you: and, lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of the world. Amen.

p 1 Cor. xi. 23. For I have receiv ed of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, That the Lord Jesus, the same night in which he was betrayed, took bread: Ver. 24. And when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take, eat; this is my body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me. Ver. 25. After the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying,

in which grace and salvation are held forth in more fulness, evidence, and efficacy, to all nations ¶.

Q. 36. Who is the Mediator of the covenant of grace?

A. The only Mediator of the covenant of grace is the Lord Jesus Christ', who, being the eternal Son of God, of one substance and equal with the Father', in the fulness of time became man, and so was and continues to be God and man, in two entire distinct natures, and one person, for

ever ".

Q. 37. How did Christ, being the Son of God, become man ?.

A. Christ the Son of God became man, by taking to himself a true body, and a reasonable soul ", being conceiv ed by the power of the Holy Ghost in the womb of the Vir

This cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me.

q 2 Cor. iii. 6. to the end. Who also hath made us able ministers of the new testament; not of the letter, but of the Spirit; for the letter killeth, but the Spirit giveth life. Ver. 7. But if the ministration of death, written and engraven in stones, was glorious, Ver. 8. How shall not the ministration of the Spirit be rather glorious? Ver. 9. For if the minis tration of condemnation be glory, much more doth the ministration of righteousness exceed in glory, &c. Heb. viii. 6. But now hath he obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the Mediator of a better covenant, which was established upon better promises. Ver. 10. For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord: I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people. Ver. 11. And they shall not teach every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for all shall know me, from the least to the greatest. Mat. xxviiii. 19. Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of,

36. r 1 Tim. ii. 5. For there is one God, and one Mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus.

• John i. 1. In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. Ver. 14. And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth. John x. 30. I and my Father are one. Phil. ii. 6. Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God. t Gal. iv. 4. But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law.

u Luke i. 35. And the angel an swered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall oversha dow thee: therefore also that holy thing, which shall be born of thee, shall be called the Son of God. Rom. ix. 5. Whose are the fathers, and of whom, as concerning the flesh, Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen. Col. ii. 9. For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily. Heb. vii. 24. But this man, because he continueth ever, hath an unchangeable priesthood. Ver. 25. Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God

gin Mary, of her substance, and born of her, yet without

sin ".

Q. 38. Why was it requisite that the Mediator should be God?

A. It was requisite that the Mediator should be God, that he might sustain and keep the human nature from sinking under the infinite wrath of God, and the power of death; give worth and efficacy to his sufferings, obedience, and intercession; and to satisfy God's justice, procure his fa

by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.

37. w John i. 14. And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father) full of grace and truth. Matt. xxvi. 38. Then saith he unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: tarry ye here, and watch with

me.

x Lukei. 27. To a virgin espoused to a man, whose name was Joseph, of the house of David; and the virgin's name was Mary. Ver. 31. And, behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name Jesus. Ver. 35. And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy thing, which shall be born of thee, shall be called the Son of God. Ver. 42. And Elisabeth spake out with a loud voice, and said, Blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb. Gal. iv. 4. But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law.

y Heb. iv. 15. For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin. Heb. vii. 26. For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens.

38. Acts ii. 24. Whom God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of

death: because it was not possible that he should be holden of it. Ver. 25. For David speaketh concerning him, I foresaw the Lord always before my face; for he is on my right hand, that I should not be moved. Rom. i. 4. And declared to be the Son of God with power, according to the Spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead. Compared with Rom. iv. 25. Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification. Heb. ix. 14. How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works, to serve the living God?

a Acts xx. 28. Take heed therefore unto yourselves, and to all the flock, over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to feed the church of God, which he hath purchased with his own blood. Heb. ix. 14. How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works, to serve the living God? Heb. vii. 25. Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. Ver. 26. For such an high priest be. came us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens; Ver. 27. Who needeth not daily, as those high priests, to offer up sacrifice, first for his own sins, and then for the people's: for this he did once, when he offered up himself. Ver. 28. For the

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