PAGE

35 Illorum, that of those. Illorum depends upon fortuna and condicio un

36

derstood. G. 398, 1, note 1.

25. Vestrum est, it is your duty. G. 401, note 3. The subject of

est is providere.

26. Mea; i. e., facta mea. Subject of obsint.— Ne obsint; G. 498, II. - Mentes, designs. Subject of possent.

...

28. Ne mihi noceant . . . providere. This the Roman people failed to do. Accordingly, five years afterward, Cicero was compelled to go into exile in consequence of his treatment of the conspirators. - Vestrum. Predicate Adjective agreeing with the subject providere.

29. Mihi ipsi nihil noceri potest, I myself cannot be injured at all. G. 301, 1. Nihil; Accus. of Specification.

32. Dignitas, authority.

33. Quam qui negligunt, and those who disregard this, lit., which who disregard. G. 453, 3. The antecedent of quam is vis, that of qui is omitted. G. 445, 6.

35. Nobis; G. 446, note 2.

36. Nullius; G. 457, 2.

2. Converterit; Fut. Perf. — Vobis; G. p. 203, foot-note 1.

5. Quod possit; G. 503, I. - Ad vitae fructum, as the reward of life, lit., to or for the, etc. Fructum here does not mean enjoyment, but that which is produced, the fruit, reward, result.

6. In honore vestro, among the honors in your gift, lit., in your honor, i. e., honor conferred by you. Vestro is equivalent to the Subjective Genitive. G. 396, II., note. Cicero had already attained the very highest of all these honors, the consulship. He had reached the summit of a Roman's ambition.

8. Illud. Explained by ut ea quae gessi... ornem.

9. Ut tuear atque ornem, to maintain and adorn. Cicero means that in future life it will be his aim to maintain and illustrate the very principles which have controlled his conduct during his consulship.

10. Conservanda re publica, in preserving the republic, lit., by, etc.; Abl. of Means.

11. Mihi valeat ad gloriam, may redound to my glory, lit., may avail to me for glory.

12. Meminerim. Explain Mood and Tense. G. 500; 297, I., 2. 13. Gesserim. Subjunctive in an Indirect Clause. - Ea. Subject

of videantur.

15. Jovem illum. See note on ille, ille Juppiter, p. 33, line 24. 18. Aeque ac priore nocte, in the same manner as last night. G. 554, I., 2, note.

19. Id, this; explained by ea custodiis vigiliisque defendite.

FOURTH ORATION AGAINST CATILINE, DELIVERED IN THE SEN-
ATE, IN THE TEMPLE OF CONCORD, ON THE FIFTH OF DECEM-
BER, 63 B. C.*

I. INTRODUCTION. I., II.

ANALYSIS.

II. STATEMENT OF THE CASE. TWO DIFFERENT MEASURES PROPOSED FOR THE DISPOSITION OF THE PRISONERS. III., IV.

III. THE RELATIVE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THESE TWO MEASURES. V. - VIII.

IV. THE DUTY OF THE SENATE TO THE STATE AND TO THE CONSUL. IX., X.

V. CONCLUSION. XI.

I., II. Introduction.

Cicero thanks the Senate for their kind Solicitude in his Behalf, but begs them to consult only the Public Welfare.

PAGE

1. In me... conversos. The eyes of all are turned to the consul, 37 not only in anxious expectation of the part he is to take in this important debate, but also in deep solicitude for his personal safety.

2. Vestro. With vestro and rei publicae, supply periculo from line 4. 3. Si id depulsum sit, if that (your danger) should be warded off, i. e., by the execution of the conspirators now in custody.

4. Jucunda, grata. See Syn. L. C. 216.

5. Voluntas, kind solicitude, not merely good-will, as the word generally means, since in that sense Cicero would scarcely say eam deponite. 6. Salutis; G. 406, II.

7. Vestris, yours; i. e., your families. G. 441, 1.-Mihi si... data est, if the consulship was given me on this condition, lit., if this condition of the consulship, etc.

10. Dum modo... pariatur; G. 513, I.

12. Cui non forum. Observe that the predicate unquam vacua (vacuum) mortis periculo atque insidiis, is expressed only with the last of the several subjects. See note on in foro, p. 13, line 10.

13. In quo ... continetur. The Forum was the place where justice was administered. - Campus; i. e., the Campus Martius, in which the consular elections were held. — Consularibus auspiciis, by

See Introduction, p. 111.

PAGE

37 the consular auspices, i. e., by the auspices which were always taken on the occasion of an election.

38

14. Summum auxilium, the highest refuge; because in the senatehouse were heard the causes of all nations in alliance with Rome.

16. Haec sedes honoris; i. e., the curule chair, the official chair of the consul.

17. Periculo; G. 414, III.

18. Multa tacui. Cicero had ascertained many facts in regard to the conspiracy, perhaps implicating prominent citizens, which he had not deemed it wise to make public. - Multa... dolore sanavi, I have remedied many things with some pain to myself. — Meo, to myself, lit., my. G. 398, 3.

20. Ut ... eriperem. In apposition with exitum. G. 501, III. — Vos, Object of eriperem.

1. Virginesque Vestales. See note on post virginum absolutionem, p. 28, line 15.

5. Subeatur, let it be endured; Subj. of Desire. The subject is ea, understood, referring to fortuna. — Suum nomen; i. e., Cornelius. See note on ex fatis Sibyllinis, p. 28, line 10.

6. Vatibus; i. e., haruspicibus. See p. 28, lines 9 to 12: Lentulum ... ex fatis Sibyllinis haruspicumque responsis, se esse... necesse.

7. Laeter; Potential Subj,-Ad salutem prope fatalem, appointed by fate to secure the safety, lit., to the safety. Fatalem is here used out of its ordinary signification as shown in fatale ad perniciem, fated carrying with it the idea of doom, destruction; in using it here in a good sense, Cicero therefore qualifies it by the addition of prope, showing that he does not take the full meaning of the word, but only as much of it as the context requires, viz., appointed by fate.

9. Vobis; G. 385, II., 1.

11. Mihi parcere desinite. Cicero begs the senate not to be deterred from adopting vigorous measures by any fear of the consequences to himself.

13. Pro eo ac mereor, in proportion as I deserve, lit., in proportion to that (pro eo), viz., as I deserve (ac mereor).

3.

14. Relaturos esse gratiam, will recompense. See Syn. L. C. 548, Obtigerit. Cicero uses this word in preference to acciderit, to imply that danger and death have no terrors for him.

15. Aequo animo paratoque, with equanimity and readiness, lit., with an even and prepared mind. G. 564, II.—Neque turpis mors forti viro, etc. Because to die bravely was, in the opinion of the Romans, an honor.

16. Neque immatura consulari. Because he who had attained