see, perceive, observe, look at; to understand, comprehend; to look to, see to, care for. Viděor, éri, visus, pass. and dep., to be seen, to be looked upon or regarded; to seem, appear. Videtur, impers., it seems proper, seems good, pleases. Vigĕo, ere, ui, —, intr. to be lively or vigorous, to be strong; to thrive, flourish, bloom; to prevail, be in repute. Vigesimus a, um. See Vicesi

mus.

a

Vigil, ilis, adj. (vigeo), awake, on the alert, watch, watchful, wakeful, vigilant. As a noun, watchman, sentinel. Vigilia, ae, f. (vigil), a watching, waking; wakefulness, sleeplessness, vigil; a watch, guard; the watch, i. e. watchmen, sentinels.

Vigilo, àre, āvi, ātum, intr. (vigil), to watch, to keep awake, be wakeful; to be watchful, vig

ilant.

Viginti, num. adj. indecl., twenty. Vilis, e, adj., of small value, cheap; paltry, common, mean, worthless, base, vile. Vile habere, to hold cheap, despise.

Villa, ae, f., a country-house, villa, country-seat, farm. Villicus, i, m. (villa), the overseer

of a farm or estate, a steward. Vincio, ire, vinxi, vinctum, tr., to bind, tie, encircle, wind about, fetter; to confine, restrain; to fortify, secure, fasten. Vinco, ĕre, vici, victum, tr., to conquer, overcome, defeat, subdue, vanquish; to overmatch, exceed, excel, surpass; to prevail, gain one's point, carry the day.

Vinctus, a, um, part. from Vincio. Vinculum, i, n. (vincio), a band, bond, rope, cord, fetter, chain. In vincula ducere: to put in prison.

Vindex, ĭcis, m. and f. (vindico),

an avenger, punisher, revenger; a claimant, defender, protector, vindicator.

Vindico, åre, āvi, ātum, tr. (vim +dico), to lay legal claim to, make a claim upon; to demand, claim, arrogate, assume, appropriate; to set free, deliver, liberate, save; to avenge, revenge, punish, take vengeance on. Vindicatum est punishment was inflicted. Aliquem in libertatem vindicare, to assert or maintain the freedom of any one. Vinča, ae, f., a vineyard; a kind of pent-house or shed, built like an arbor, for sheltering besiegers. See note on line 7, p. 29. Vinum, i, n., wine. Violenter, adv. (violens), impetuously, vehemently, violently, furiously, forcibly.

Violentia, ae, f. (violens), violence, vehemence, impetuosity, ferocity.

Vir, viri, m., a man; a husband. Vires, ium. See Vis. Virgo, inis, f. (vireo), a maiden, virgin. Virgultum, i, n. (virgŭla), a bush, thicket, copse, brush wood, shrubbery.

Virilis, e, adj. (vir), of or belonging to a man, manly, virile; male, masculine; manful, firm, vigorous, bold, spirited. Viritim, adv. (vir), man by man, from man to man, to each one separately, singly, individually.

Virtus, ütis, f. (vir), manliness, manhood; strength, power, vigor, energy; bravery, courage, valor; merit, excellence, worth, goodness, virtue, virtuousness. Emori per virtutem, to die bravely. Virtus animi, energy of mind, intellectual vigor.

Vis, vis, f., strength, power, might, vigor, energy, ardor, fury, force, violence; effort, exertion; quantity, number, abun

Vi or

per vim, by force, forcibly. Vires, pl., the bodily powers. Vis pulveris, a quantity (cloud) of dust. Summa vi, with all one's might or power.

Viso, ĕre, si, sum, tr. intens. (video), to look at attentively, to view, behold, survey; to see to, look after; to go to see, to visit, call upon.

Visus, a, um, part. from Video. Visus, ūs, m. (video), a seeing, looking; a look, glance; the faculty of seeing, sight, vision; a sight, appearance, an apparition, a vision. Qua visus erat = as far as the sight could reach. Vita, ae, f. (vivo), life; a way or mode of life, course of life, ca

reer.

Vitabundus, a, um, adj. (vito),

shunning, avoiding, evading, trying to escape.

Vitium, i, n., a fault, defect, blemish, imperfection; failing, error, offence, crime, vice.

Vito, are, avi, ātum, tr., to shun, avoid, evade, escape. Vivo, ĕre, vixi, victum, intr., to live, be alive, have life. Vivus, a, um, adj. (vivo), alive, living.

Vix, adv., with difficulty, hardly, scarcely, barely. Vocabulum, i, n. (voco,) a word, term, expression, name, designation, appellation.

Voco, are, avi, ätum, tr. (vox), to call, call upon, summon, invoke; to call, name, denominate. Volens, tis, part. and adj. (volo), willing, voluntary, eager, ready; favorable, well inclined; pleasant, agreeable. Volenti animo, with willing mind, gladly. Volgus, i, m. and n. See Vulgus. Volněro, āre. See Vulnĕro.

Volnus, ĕris, n. See Vulnus. Volo, are, avi, ātum, intra, to fly.

-, irreg. tr. and intr., to wish, to will, be willing; to desire, intend, purpose; to determine, ordain (in proposing bills to the people); to think, maintain. Quid sibi vult, what does he mean? what does he want?

Volturcius, i, m. See Vulturcius. Voltus, ūs, m. See Vultus. Voluntarius, a, um, adj. (voluntas), of one's own free will, willing, voluntary; spontaneous. Voluntarii, ōrum, m. pl. (sc. milites), volunteers.

Voluntas, atis, f. (volo), will, wish, desire, choice, inclination; good-will, favor, affection. Voluntate, of one's own will, of one's own accord, willingly, voluntarily. Voluntate or ex voluntate, according to one's wish or desire, at one's desire.

Voluptarius, a, um, adj. (voluptas), pleasant, agreeable, delightful; pleasurable, devoted to pleasure, sensual, voluptuous. Voluptas, atis, f., satisfaction, enjoyment, pleasure, delight. Volux, ucis, m., a son of Bocchus,

king of Mauritania.

Volvo, ĕre, volvi, volutum, tr., to roll, turn about, turn round, tumble down; to turn over or revolve in the mind, to consider, ponder, meditate or reflect upon, to think over.

Vorsor, äri. See Versor. Vorsum. See Versum. Vorsus. See Versus. Vos, pl. of Tu, you, ye. Voster, tra, trum. See Vester. Votum, i, n. (vověo), a solemn promise made to some deity, a vow; a wish, desire, prayer. Vox, vocis, f., a voice; a sound, tone, cry, call; a word, saying, speech, sentence, proverb, maxim." Vulgus, i, m. and n., the great mass, the multitude, the people, the public; a mass, crowd, throng, multitude; the vulgar,

mob, rabble, populace, common people. Vulnero, åre, āvi, åtum, tr. (vul

nus), to wound, hurt, injure. Vulnus, ĕris, n., a wound. Vulturcius, i, m., Titus Vultur cius, confederate with Catiline. Vultus, us, m., the countenance, look, aspect, expression of the

face; features, expression, air, mien, the face.

Z.

Zama, ae, f., Zama, a town in Numidia, distant five days' journey from Carthage.